Anatomical Description and in vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Potential of Aristolochia esperanzae Kuntze (Aristolochiaceae) Extract on Oral Micro-organisms

Carlos Roberto Botelho-Filho; Gabriela Keiko Izumi; Juliana Campos Vieira; Fernanda Mara de Paiva Bertoli; Antônio Pedro Ricomini Filho; Leila Teresinha Maranho; Flares Baratto-Filho; Marilisa Carneiro Leão Gabardo

Anatomical Description and in vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Potential of Aristolochia esperanzae Kuntze (Aristolochiaceae) Extract on Oral Micro-organisms

Articles

Abstract

Pharmacognosy Research,2020,12,4,424-429.

DOI:10.4103/pr.pr_52_20

Published:January 2021

Type:Original Article

Authors:

Author(s) affiliations:

Carlos Roberto Botelho-Filho¹, Gabriela Keiko Izumi², Juliana Campos Vieira³, Fernanda Mara de Paiva Bertoli¹, Antônio Pedro Ricomini Filho³, Leila Teresinha Maranho⁴, Flares Baratto-Filho⁵, Marilisa Carneiro Leão Gabardo¹

¹School of Health and Biological Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Santa Catarina, BRAZIL.

²School of Health and Biological Sciences, Undergraduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Positivo, Santa Catarina, BRAZIL.

³Department of Physiological Sciences, Piracicaba Faculty of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Santa Catarina, BRAZIL.

⁴School of Health and Biological Sciences, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Positivo, Santa Catarina, BRAZIL.

⁵Department of Dentistry, Universidade da Região de Joinville, Santa Catarina, BRAZIL.

Abstract:

Background: Aristolochia esperanzae Kuntze (Aristolochiaceae) is a plant present in the Brazilian flora, with few studies in the dental area, but used in integrative therapies to treat some health problems. Objectives: The initial purpose was to make an anatomical description of A. esperanzae and then test its antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on specific oral micro-organisms‑Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: For the pharmacognostic study, the samples were fixed in formaldehyde, acetic acid and 70% ethyl alcohol and stored in 70% ethanol. For the in vitro study, to obtain the essential oil (OE) and hydrolate, the plant material was mechanically macerated and subjected to hydrodistillation in Clevenger and then frozen until the time of testing. The EO was diluted in dimethylsulfoxide and the tests performed were agar diffusion (disc‑diffusion) with isolated bacteria and MIC. A 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate solution was used as a positive control and 0.9% sodium chloride as a negative. Results: The anatomical study showed the presence of hook‑shaped trichomes and stomatal complexes. Regarding the microbiological results, they were negative for the extracts used. Conclusion: The anatomical findings may guide future studies related to the pharmacognostic properties of A. esperanzae and both OE and hydrolate did not have an antibacterial effect against S. mutans, P. gingivalis and E. faecalis.