02754nas a2200325 4500008004100000245012200041210007100163260001800234300001200252490000600264520173100270653001402001653001502015653002102030653003602051653001902087653003002106100002702136700002002163700002202183700002202205700002202227700002102249700002202270700001802292700002302310700001802333700001902351856005802370 2017 eng d00aMarine‑derived Fungi Extracts Enhance the Cytotoxic Activity of Doxorubicin in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Cells A4590 aMarine‑derived Fungi Extracts Enhance the Cytotoxic Activity of  cDecember 2017 as92-s980 v93 a

Background: Drug resistance is a major concern in the current chemotherapeutic approaches and the combination with natural compounds may enhance the cytotoxic effects of the anticancer drugs. Therefore, this study evaluated the cytotoxicity of crude ethyl extracts of six marine‑derived fungi – Neosartorya tsunodae KUFC 9213 (E1), Neosartorya laciniosa KUFC 7896 (E2), Neosartorya fischeri KUFC 6344 (E3), Aspergillus similanensis KUFA 0013 (E4), Neosartorya paulistensis KUFC 7894 (E5), and Talaromyces trachyspermum KUFC 0021 (E6) – when combined with doxorubicin (Dox), in seven human cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: The antiproliferative activity was primarily assessed by the 3‑(4,5‑dimethylthiazol‑2‑yl)‑2,5‑diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Results: Two extracts, E1 and E2, demonstrated a significant enhancement of Dox’s cytotoxicity in nonsmall cell lung cancer A549 cells. Accumulation of Dox in the nuclei increased when A549 cells were treated in combination with extracts E1 and E2, with induction of cell death observed by the nuclear condensation assay. The combination of E2 with Dox increased the DNA damage as detected by the comet assay. Ultrastructural observations by transmission electron microscopy suggest an autophagic cell death due to an increase of autophagic vesicles, namely with the combination of Dox with E1 and E2. Conclusion: These findings led to the conclusion that the fungal extracts E1 and E2 potentiate the anticancer action of Dox, through nuclear accumulation of Dox with induction of cell death mainly by cytotoxic autophagy.

10aAutophagy10aCell death10aDrug combination10aMarine‑derived fungi extracts10aNeosartorya sp10aNonsmall cell lung cancer1 aCastro-Carvalho, Bruno1 aRamos, Alice, A1 aPrata-Sena, Maria1 aMalhão, Fernanda1 aMoreirax, Márcia1 aMoreira, Márcia1 aGargiulo, Daniela1 aDethoup, Tida1 aButtachon, Suradet1 aKijjoa, Anake1 aRocha, Eduardo uhttps://phcogres.com/article/2017/9/5s/104103prpr5717