02666nas a2200229 4500008004100000245011400041210006900155260001900224300001400243490000700257520190400264653002702168653003102195653002002226653001902246653002602265653002302291100002302314700001602337700002102353856006202374 2025 eng d00aGreen Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Vitex negundo Linn-An in vitro study0 aGreen Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Oxide Nanoparticl cSeptember 2025 a1235-12400 v173 a

Background: Nanotechnology offers innovative approaches for biomedical applications, including antimicrobial agent development. Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuO NPs) exhibit strong antibacterial properties, but conventional synthesis methods rely on toxic chemicals and high energy consumption, raising environmental concerns. This study explores the green synthesis of CuO NPs using Vitex negundo Linn., a medicinal plant, as an eco-friendly alternative. Objectives: To synthesize and characterize CuO NPs using Vitex negundo Linn. leaf extract and evaluate their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Materials and Methods: Vitex negundo leaf extract was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent for CuO NP synthesis. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method against E. coli and S. aureus. Results: The synthesis of CuO NPs was confirmed by a UV-vis absorption peak at 277 nm. FTIR analysis indicated functional groups responsible for stabilization, and SEM imaging revealed spherical nanoparticles ranging from 50-100 nm. Antibacterial testing demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition, with the largest zones of inhibition observed at 100 μL CuO NP concentration. Conclusion: Green synthesis of CuO NPs using Vitex negundo Linn is a sustainable and effective alternative to conventional methods. The nanoparticles exhibited significant antibacterial activity, highlighting their potential for biomedical applications. Further research should explore scalability, mechanisms of action, and in vivo efficacy.

10aAntibacterial activity10aCopper oxide nanoparticles10aGreen synthesis10aNanotechnology10aSustainable Synthesis10aVitex negundo Linn1 aKakada, Pravallika1 aR, Abilasha1 aRamani, Pratibha uhttps://phcogres.com/article/2025/17/4/105530pres20252186