@article {288, title = {Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Potential of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Medicinal Plant Tragia involucrata L.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {April 2018}, pages = {188-194}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {188}, abstract = {

Objective: The aim of the present study was to test the antioxidant and cytotoxic and DNA protection activities of ethyl acetate extracts of endophytic fungi isolated from Tragia involucrata Linn. (Euphorbiaceae). Materials and Methods: The 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl scavenging, reducing power, and total antioxidant assay were used to evaluate the antioxidant activity. Cytotoxic activity of endophytic fungal extracts against MCF-7 and MOLT-4 cell lines was carried out using 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide method. Results: We have successfully isolated four endophytic fungi from T. involucrata, namely Penicillium citrinum CGJ-C1 (GenBank accession No. KT780618), P. citrinum CGJ-C2 (GenBank accession No. KP739821), Cladosporium sp. CGJ-D1 (GenBank accession No. KP739822), and Cryptendoxyla hypophloia CGJ-D2 (GenBank accession No. KT780619). The ethyl acetate extract of P. citrinum CGJ-C2 showed the highest antioxidant as well as cytotoxic activity among the four fungal extracts taken for the study. All the extracts showed moderate DNA protection activity. Conclusions: Further studies on the isolation and purification of the lead molecule will help in designing the novel therapy for different ailments associated with free radical generation.

}, keywords = {Antioxidants, cytotoxicity, Endophytes, Tragia involucrata}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_137_17}, author = {Ananda Danagoudar and Chandrashekhar G. Joshi and Sunil Kumar Ravi and Heggodu G. Rohit Kumar and Balenahalli Narasingappa Ramesh} } @article {640, title = {Isolation and Identification of Bacterial Endophytes from Pharmaceutical Agarwood-producing Aquilaria Species}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {April 2013}, pages = {134-137}, type = {Short Communication }, chapter = {134}, abstract = {

Background:\ Resins and gums are used in traditional medicine and do have potential applications in pharmacy and medicine. Agarwood is the fragrant resinous wood, which is an important commodity from\ Aquilaria\ species and has been used as a sedative, analgesic, and digestive in traditional medicine. Endophytic bacteria are potentially important in producing pharmaceutical compounds found in the plants. Hence, it was important to understand which types of endophytic bacteria are associated with pharmaceutical agarwood-producing\ Aquilaria\ species.\ Objective:\ This study was undertaken to isolate and identify endophytic bacteria associated with agarwood-producing seven (7)\ Aquilaria\ species from Malaysia.\ Materials and Methods:\ Botanical samples of seven\ Aquilaria\ species were collected, and endophytic bacteria were isolated from surface-sterilized-tissue samples. The 16S rRNA gene fragments were amplified using PCR method, and endophytic bacterial isolates (EBIs) were identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity based method.\ Results:\ Culturable, 77 EBIs were analyzed, and results of 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis suggest that 18 different types of endophytic bacteria are associated with (seven)\ Aquilaria\ species. From 77 EBIs, majority (36.4\%) of the isolates were of\ Bacillus pumilus.\ Conclusion:\ These findings indicate that agarwood-producing\ Aquilaria\ species are harboring 18 different types of culturable endophytic bacteria.

}, keywords = {16S rRNA, Biodiversity, Endophytes, Malaysia, Medicine, Natural Products, Ribosomal DNA, Traditional medicine}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.110545 }, author = {Subhash J Bhore and Jagadesan Preveena and Kodi I Kandasamy} }