@article {274, title = {Protective Effect of Struthanthus marginatus on Ethanol-induced Gastric Damage in Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {April 2018}, pages = {143-150}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {143}, abstract = {

Background: Our research group previously characterized the antioxidant and gastroprotective effects of Struthanthus marginatus (Loranthaceae), a medicinal herb used in Brazil as a healing agent. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the chemical composition of aqueous extract of S. marginatus (AESm), as well as the mechanisms underlying its gastroprotective and ulcer healing properties using different protocols in mice. Materials and Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry/diode array detection analyses to evaluate the chemical composition of AESm were conducted. The antisecretory activity (basal or stimulated) was determined using the pyloric ligature method. The gastroprotective action of nitric oxide and sulfydryl groups ({\textendash}SH groups) were evaluated using ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model. The healing ability was evaluated using an acetic acid-induced chronic ulcer. Results: Chromatographic analyses of AESm permitted to identify several compounds, including 3-trans-caffeoylquinic acid (3-trans-CGA), quercetin, and kaempferol as the major constituents. Oral treatment of animals with AESm (500 mg/kg/day) reduced the severity of ethanol-induced gastric damage similar to omeprazole and in a more pronounced manner than 3-trans-CGA. Such effect was significantly reduced in animals pretreated with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. In addition, AESm inhibited gastric acid secretion in pylorus-ligated mice stimulated with histamine or pilocarpine similar to atropine or cimetidine, respectively. A decrease in acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers similar to that promoted by cimetidine was also observed. Conclusion: The results show that S. marginatus is rich in flavonoids and that these compounds contribute directly to the gastroprotective and ulcer healing effects of this herb. The inhibition of gastric secretion is the possible gastroprotective mechanism.

}, keywords = {Antiulcer activity, Gastric ulcers, Herbal medicine, Struthanthus marginatus}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_76_17}, author = {S{\^o}nia Maria de Farias Freire and R{\^o}mulo Vieira Silva and T{\'a}bata Maira Freitas Morais and Rachel Melo Ribeiro and Selma do Nascimento Silva and Maria do Socorro de Sousa Cart{\'a}genes and Iracelle Carvalho Abreu and Maria Nilce de Sousa Ribeiro and Danilo da Cruz Centeno and Luce Maria Brand{\~a}o Torres and Marilene Oliveira da Rocha Borges and Antonio Carlos Rom{\~a}o Borges} } @article {765, title = {Antiulcer Activity of Aqueous extract of Fruits of Momordica Cymbalaria Hook f. in Wistar Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {March 2010}, pages = {58-61}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {58}, abstract = {

Gastric ulcer is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders, which affects approximately 5\%-10\% of people during their life. The ulcer is an open sore that develops on the inside lining of the stomach (a gastric ulcer) or the small intestine (a duodenal ulcer). Both types of ulcers are also referred to as peptic ulcer disease. The present study was carried out to investigate antiulcer activity of aqueous extract of fruits of Momordica cymbalaria Hook f. Initially the aqueous extract of M. cymbalaria was subjected to acute oral toxicity study according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines, based on which, 500 mg/kg dose of aqueous extract was selected for the study. The animals were pretreated before inducing ulcer. For inducing ulcer in the rats, 80\% ethanol was used. Various parameters such as area of gastric lesion, nonprotein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) concentration, gastric wall mucus concentration, total acidity and volume of gastric content; and histopathological parameters like hemorrhage, edema, erosion, ulceration were studied in the control group and pretreated groups with aqueous extract of fruits of Momordica cymbalaria (500 mg/kg) and standard drug lanzoprazole (30 mg/kg). Pretreatment with aqueous extract of M. cymbalaria fruits showed significant ( P \< 0.05) decrease in the total acidity and ulcer index. Improvements in all histopathological parameters were noticed in the M. cymbalaria-treated group. It also showed significant decrease in gastric lesion and NP-SH and gastric wall mucus concentrations in the M. cymbalaria-treated group. Overall the aqueous extract of M. cymbalaria fruits was shown to possess significant ( P \< 0.05) antiulcer property in rats. The polyphenols like quercetin reported from the plant may attribute to the antiulcer property of the extract.

}, keywords = {Antiulcer activity, Aqueous extract, Gastric ulcer, Momordica cymbalaria, Momordica tuberosa}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.60575}, author = {P Bharathi Dhasan and M Jegadeesan and S Kavimani} } @article {925, title = {Antiulcer Activity of Methanol Extract of Erythrina indica Lam. Leaves in Experimental Animals}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {1}, year = {2009}, month = {January 2010 }, pages = {396-401}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {396}, abstract = {

Gastric ulcer is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders, which affects approximately 5{\textendash}10\% of people during their life. In recent years, abundant work has been carried out on herbal medicine to clarify their potential efficacy in gastric ulcer prevention or management. Here, present study was carried out to investigate antiulcer activity of methanol extract of Erythrina indica (family: Febaceae) leaves in pylorus ligated and indomethacin induced ulceration in the albino rats. Preliminary methanol extract of E. indica was subjected to the acute oral toxicity study according to the OECD guideline no. 423. Based on which, three dose levels i.e. 125, 250 and 500mg/kg were selected for the further study. In pylorus ligation induced ulcer model, various parameters were studied viz. gastric volume, pH, total acidity free acidity, and ulcer index. Ulcer index and percentage inhibition of ulceration was determined for indomethacin induced ulcer model. Ranitidine at 100mg/kg was used as the standard drug. Pretreatment of methanol extract of E. indica leaves showed significant (P\<0.01) decrease in the gastric volume, total acidity and free acidity. However, pH of the gastric juice was significantly (P\<0.05) increased only at higher dose, 500mg/kg. It showed also significant (P\<0.01) decrease in number of ulcers and ulcer score index in pylorus ligation and indomethacin induced ulceration models. The methanol extract of E. indica leaves possess significant antiulcer properties in a dose dependent manner. In conclusion the antiulcer properties of the extract may be attributed to the polyphenolic compounds that are present in it.

}, keywords = {Antiulcer activity, E. indica, Indomethacin, ranitidine}, doi = {Nil}, author = {S Sakat Sachin and Juvekar Archana} }