@article {1086, title = {A New Cytotoxic Ceramide from Dalbergia boehmii Taub. Stem Bark}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {October 2022}, pages = {442-445}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {442}, abstract = {

Background: Dalbergia boehmii (Leguminosae), is a medicinal plant used in the Northen part of Cameroon, against digestive tract diseases and fever. Objectives: This work which is part of the search for bioactive molecules through natural products, aimed to isolate, characterize and evaluate the cytotoxicity of compounds from D. boehmii. Materials and Methods: Chemical investigations were carrying out on stem barks of Dalbergia boehmii using chromatographic techniques. Structures elucidation of isolated compounds were done using 1D and 2D NMR as well as EI-MS and literature data. Some isolated compounds were evaluated in vitro against MCF-7 cell lines for their cytotoxicity activity, using the MTT colorimetric method. Results: The chemical investigation leaded to the isolation of a new ceramide derivative named Dalbergiamide (1), a triterpene identified as olean-12-ene-3,11-dione (2) isolated here for the first time from Dalbergia genus, along with two known compounds, glucoside 3-O-β- D-sitosterol (3) and glucoside 3-O-β-D-stigmasterol (4). Compounds 1 and 2 were found to be cytotoxic at 50 μM with IC50 value of 17.13 μM and 35.52 {\textpm} 2.95 μM respectively. Conclusion: These promising results suggested more in-depth studies should be carried out on this plant in order to assess its potential in the fight against cancer

}, keywords = {cytotoxicity, Dalbergia boehmii, MCF-7, Natural Products}, doi = {10.5530/pres.14.4.64}, author = {Jean Pierre Abdou and Jean No{\"e}l Nyemb and Jean Momeni and Atikou Fadimatou and Abel Jo{\"e}l Yaya Gbaweng and Jean Paul Tsopmejio and Guidawa Fawa and Muhammad I. Choudhary} } @article {265, title = {Cytotoxicity Studies of the Extracts, Fractions, and Isolated Compound of Pseudocedrela kotschyi on Cervical Cancer (HeLa), Breast Cancer (MCF-7) and Skeletal Muscle Cancer (RD) Cells}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {February 2017}, pages = {46-50}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {46}, abstract = {

Background: This study determined the cytotoxic effects of root and stem bark extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds derived from Pseudocedrela kotschyi on HeLa, MCF-7, and RD cells. Materials and Methods: The cytotoxic activity was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay against three cell lines (RD, HeLa, and MCF 7) at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1000 μg/mL. Isolation of crude saponin was done from the most active ethyl acetate fraction and further purified using vacuum liquid chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatographic techniques. Results: The cytotoxicity assay revealed that the methanol extract from the root bark and the ethyl acetate fraction from the stem bark exhibited marked anticancer activity with IC50 of 87.36 μg/ml and 21.53 μg/ml, respectively, on HeLa cancer cell line and 101.51 μg/mL and 38.46 μg/mL, respectively, on RD cell line. These values are comparable with that obtained from vinblastine and methotrexate used as standard drugs (IC50 values of 0.01 μg/mL and 0.05 μg/mL, respectively). The isolated crude saponins also gave IC50 values of 5.28 μg/mL and 81.52 μg/mL against the RD cell lines and IC50 values of 1.05 μg/mL and 86.8 μg/mL for the MCF 7 cancer cell lines. PTLC led to the isolation of a compound from the crude saponin which was identified as 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin through spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. Conclusions: P. kotschyi could be considered as a potential source of chemotherapeutic agent. However, further research to determine the exact mechanism of action needs to be carried out.

}, keywords = {3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin, cytotoxicity, HeLa, MCF-7, Pseudocedrela kotschyi, RD}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.199776}, author = {Taiwo O Elufioye and Abolaji A Abdul and Jone O Moody} } @article {856, title = {Anticancer Potential of Syzygium aromaticum L. in MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {August,2014}, pages = {350-354}, type = {Short Communication}, chapter = {350}, abstract = {

Background: The common treatment for cancer is unfavorable because it causes many detrimental side effects, and lately, there has been a growing resistance toward anticancer drugs, which worsens the future of cancer treatment. Therefore, the focus has now shifted toward natural products, such as spices and plants, among many others, to save the future of cancer treatment. Cloves (Syzygium aromaticum L.) are spices with the highest antioxidant content among natural products. Besides acting as an antioxidant, cloves also possess many other functions, such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiseptic, which makes them an ideal natural source to be developed as an anticancer agent. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of cloves toward MCF-7 human breast cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: Different concentrations of water extract, ethanol extract, and essential oil of cloves were investigated for their anticancer potential in vitro through a brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) and an MTT assay. Results: In both BSLT and MTT assays, the essential oil showed the highest cytotoxic effect, followed by ethanol and water extract. The LD 50 concentration of essential oil in the 24 hr\ BSLT was 37 μg/mL. Furthermore, the IC 50 values in the 24 hr\ and 48 hr\ MTT assays of the essential oil were 36.43 μg/mL and 17.6 μg/mL, respectively. Conclusion: Cloves are natural products with excellent cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 cells; thus, they are promising sources for the development of anticancer agents.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Brine shrimp lethality test, Clove, cytotoxicity, MCF-7}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.138291}, author = {Parvinnesh S Kumar and Raden M Febriyanti and Ferry F Sofyan and Dimas E Luftimas and Rizky Abdulah} } @article {707, title = {In-vitro cytotoxicity Study of Methanolic Fraction from Ajuga Bracteosa Wall ex. benth on MCF-7 Breast Adenocarcinoma and Hep-2 larynx Carcinoma Cell Lines}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {December,2013}, pages = {87-91}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {87}, abstract = {

Objective: Ajuga bracteosa Wall ex Benth (Labiatae) is popularly known in India as "Neelkanthi." A decoction of the leaves, flowers, and barks is used in India for the treatment of cancer including diabetes, malaria, and inflammation etc. The main objective of this study is to investigate the cytotoxic potential of Ajuga bracteosa. Materials and Methods: Successive solvent extraction of Ajuga bracteosa in petroleum ether, methanol, and water extracts was done. These extracts were tested against human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and larynx carcinoma (Hep-2) tumor cell lines, using the thiazolyl blue test (MTT) assay. Results: The methanolic fraction of Ajuga bracteosa had shown the significant results against MCF-7 and Hep-2 tumor cell lines. The methanolic, petroleum ether and aqueous extract from Ajuga bracteosa, presented an IC50 value at 24 hr of 10, 65, 70 μg/ml and 5, 30, 15 μg/ml on MCF-7 and Hep-2 cells, respectively. Steroids compounds namely β-sitosterol and unknown constituents were identified in the most active methanol extract of Ajuga bracteosa wall ex Benth. These known and unknown compounds exhibited cytotoxic potential against MCF-7 and Hep-2 cancer cells. Conclusion: Among all the tested extracts, methanolic extract can be considered as potential sources of anti-cancer compounds. Further studies are necessary for more extensive biological evaluations.

}, keywords = {Ajuga bracteosa, Cytotoxicity studies, Hep-2, MCF-7, MTT assay}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.122923}, author = {Akiriti Pal and Fedelic Ashish Toppo and Pradeep K Chaurasiya and Pradeep K Singour and Rajesh S Pawar} } @article {752, title = {Screening of Anticancer Activity from Agarwood Essential Oil}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {May,2014}, pages = {191-194}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {191-194}, abstract = {

Background: Agarwood is a priceless non-timber forest product from Aquilaria species belonging to the Thymelaeaceae family. As a result of a defence mechanism to fend off pathogens, Aquilaria species develop agarwood or resin which can be used for incense, perfumery, and traditional medicines. Evidences from ethnopharmacological practices showed that Aquilaria spp. have been traditionally used in the Ayurvedic practice and Chinese medicine to treat various diseases particularly the inflammatory-associated diseases. There have been no reports on traditional use of agarwood towards cancer treatment. However, this is most probably due to the fact that cancer nomenclature is used in modern medicine to describe the diseases associated with unregulated cell growth in which inflammation and body pain are involved. Objective: The aim of this current study was therefore to investigate the potential anticancer properties of agarwood essential oil obtained from distillation of agarwood (resin) towards MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Materials and Methods: The essential oil was subjected to screening assays namely cell viability, cell attachment and sulforhodamine B (SRB)-based cytotoxicity assay to determine the IC50 value. Results: The agarwood essential oil caused reduction of the cell number in both the cell viability and attachment assay suggesting a cumulative effect of the cell killing, inhibition of the cell attachment and or causing cells to detach. The agarwood essential oil showed IC50 value of 900 μg/ml towards the cancer cells. Conclusion: The agarwood essential oil exhibited anticancer activity which supports the traditional use against the inflammatory-associated diseases. This warrants further investigation towards the development of alternative remedy towards cancer.

}, keywords = {Agarwood, Aquilaria, Breast cancer, MCF-7, Resin, SRB}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.132593}, author = {Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Hashim and Abbas Phirdaous and Amid Azura} } @article {801, title = {Antiproliferative Activity and Induction of Apoptosis in Estrogen Receptor-positive and Negative Human Breast Carcinoma Cell lines by Gmelina asiatica Roots}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {May 2010}, pages = {113-119}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {113}, abstract = {

Low risk of breast cancer has been proposed to be associated with high intake of lignans. We have reported the presence of lignans in Gmelina asiatica roots. There are no scientific reports on the antiproliferative activity of G. asiatica roots. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of ethyl acetate extract from G. asiatica roots (EGAR) on estrogen receptor-positive (MCF-7) and negative (MDA-MB-231) human breast cancer cell lines. The effects of 50\% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of EGAR on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay kit. The mode of cell death caused by EGAR was determined using dual apoptosis assay kit by observing the cells under fluorescent microscope. The quantification of apoptosis and necrosis in cells caused by EGAR was determined using cell death detection kit through ELISA. Down-regulation of the proliferative activity occurred in a clear dose-dependent response with IC50 values of 32.9 {\textpm} 3.8 μg/mL in MCF-7 and 19.9 {\textpm} 2.3 μg/ mL in MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Treatment of breast cancer cells with EGAR resulted in significant apoptosis. The EGAR contain lignans and flavonoids. The antiproliferative activity of the extract is attributed to the presence of these secondary metabolites. The results suggest the efficacy of G. asiatica roots as antiproliferative agents on human breast cancer cells, supporting the hypothesis that plants containing lignans have beneficial effects on human breast cancer.

}, keywords = {Annexin-V, Caspase-3, Enrichment factor, Lignans, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, Phosphatidylserine}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.62949}, author = {Madhu Katyayani Balijepalli and Satyanarayana Tandra and Mallikarjuna Rao Pichika} }