@article {263, title = {Analysis of Soluble Proteins in Natural Cordyceps sinensis from Different Producing Areas by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate- Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and Two-dimensional Electrophoresis}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {February 2017}, pages = {34-38}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {34}, abstract = {

Background: As one of the bioactive components in Cordyceps sinensis (CS), proteins were rarely used as index components to study the correlation between the protein components and producing areas of natural CS. Objective: Protein components of 26 natural CS samples produced in Qinghai, Tibet, and Sichuan provinces were analyzed and compared to investigate the relationship among 26 different producing areas. Materials and Methods: Proteins from 26 different producing areas were extracted by Tris-HCl buffer with Triton X-100, and separated using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). Results: The SDS-PAGE results indicated that the number of protein bands and optical density curves of proteins in 26 CS samples was a bit different. However, the 2-DE results showed that the numbers and abundance of protein spots in protein profiles of 26 samples were obviously different and showed certain association with producing areas. Conclusions: Based on the expression values of matched protein spots, 26 batches of CS samples can be divided into two main categories (Tibet and Qinghai) by hierarchical cluster analysis.

}, keywords = {Hierarchical cluster analysis, Natural Cordyceps sinensis, Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Soluble protein, Two-dimensional electrophoresis}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.199782}, author = {Chun-Hong Li and Hua-Li Zuo and Qian Zhang and Feng-Qin Wang and Yuan-Jia Hu and Zheng-Ming Qian and Wen-Jia Li and Zhi-Ning Xia and Feng-Qing Yang} } @article {974, title = {Identification and Characterization of Memecylon Species using Isozyme Profiling}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {November 2017}, pages = {408-413}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {408}, abstract = {

Background: The protein/isozyme fingerprint is useful in differentiating the species and acts as a biochemical marker for identification and systematic studies of medicinal plant species. Objective: In the present study, protein and isozyme profiles for peroxidase, esterase, acid phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase of five species of Memecylon (Melastomataceae), Memecylon umbellatum, Memecylon edule, Memecylon talbotianum, Memecylon malabaricum, and Memecylon wightii were investigated. Materials and Methods: Fresh leaves were used to prepare crude enzyme extract for analyzing the five enzymes isozyme variations. Separation of isozymes was carried out using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and the banding patterns of protein were scored. Pair-wise comparisons of genotypes, based on the presence or absence of unique and shared polymorphic products, were used to regenerate similarity coefficients. The similarity coefficients were then used to construct dendrograms, using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averages. Results: A total of 50 bands with various Rf values and molecular weight were obtained through PAGE analysis. Among the five Memecylon species, more number of bands was produced in M. wightii and less number of bands was observed in M. edule. The results of similarity indices grouped M. malabaricum and M. wightii in one cluster with 98\% similarity and M. umbellatum, M. edule, and M. talbotianum are grouped in another cluster with 79\% similarity showing close genetic similarities which is in accordance with the morphological identification of Memecylon species. Conclusion: The protein/isozyme fingerprint is useful in differentiating the species and acts as a biochemical marker for identification of Memecylon species.

}, keywords = {Acid phosphatase, Esterase, Native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, Peroxidase, Polyphenol oxidase, Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.218499}, author = {TR Bharathi and Shailasree Sekhar and N Geetha and SR Niranjana and HS Prakash} }