@article {1088, title = {Awareness of Natural Herbs{\textquoteright} Effect on Blood Pressure among the Western Region of Saudi Arabia Population: A Cross-Sectional Study}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {October 2022}, pages = {461-467}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {461}, abstract = {

Background: Knowledge of potential interaction between herb-drug is essential to reduce both the risk of serious medical disorders such as life-threatening arrhythmia and uncontrolled blood pressure and the increased healthcare cost, because of treating these complications. Therefore, the primary aim of this study was to assess the western Saudi population{\textquoteright}s knowledge of potential interaction between herbal preparations containing Garlic, Ginger, Cinnamon, or Liquorice when concurrently administered with conventional hypotensive therapy. The secondary aim was to explore the source of information about herbal medicine use. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from January 2021 to February 2021 and involved Saudi Arabia{\textquoteright}s population from the western region. The study involved 164 participants by stratified random sampling. Results: The commonly used herbs among the western Saudi population included Garlic (44\%), Ginger (23\%), Cinnamon (13\%), Liquorice (3\%), and others (13\%). Approximately 45.1\% of herb user was based on advice from friends or relatives, 38.4\% were based on online information, and 16.5\% were based on medical resources. Our study showed that 70.7\% of the herb users weren{\textquoteright}t asked by their physicians about using herbal medicine, also 86.6\%\% weren{\textquoteright}t asked by their pharmacists. Conclusion: The study showed a low percentage of awareness of the potential effect of herbal medicines on blood pressure, and their potential interaction with conventional therapies. The study highlighted the low percentage of healthcare providers, who ask their patients about herbal medicine use before prescribing any new medication.

}, keywords = {Cinnamon, Drug interaction, Garlic, Ginger, Herbal medicine, Hypertension, Knowledge, Liquorice, Pharmacist, Physician}, doi = {10.5530/pres.14.4.67}, author = {Afnan Bahha and Aeshah Habib and Awsaf Alluqmani and Afnan Alqurashi and Ahlam Alotaibi and Yosra Al-Hindi and Arwa Fairaq} } @article {245, title = {Efficacy of Topical Herbal Remedies for Insomnia in Iranian Traditional Medicine}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {April 2019}, pages = {188-191}, type = {Short Communication}, chapter = {188}, abstract = {

Background: Insomnia is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders which affect the quality of life. Due to high prevalence of this disease and the side effects of sedative drugs, people tend to use herbal remedies. There are some oral or topical prescriptions in Persian medicine texts for the treatment of insomnia. The aim of this study was to investigate topical treatments for insomnia in Iranian traditional medicine (ITM) and comparing them with current therapies in modern medicine. Materials andMethods: In this study, ITM textbooks including the Canon of Medicine, Teb-e-Akbari, Kholasat al-Hekmah, Makhzan al-Advieh, Exir-e-azam, Al-Aghraz al-Tibbia, Val Mabahess al-Alaiia, Sharh-al-Asbab-val-Alamat, Tohfa-al-Momen, and Qarabadeen-e-Kabir were searched to investigate effective topical therapies for treating insomnia. Further, relevant studies on these topical remedies were searched at databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and ScienceDirect from the beginning till June 2018 and the results were presented as tables. Results: There are some herbs which have been recommended in ITM for the treatment of insomnia in topical dosage form such as ointment, lotion, nasal drop, and oil. The most important herbs used in these topical dosage forms were lettuce, violet, almond, pumpkin, and water lily. Some of these herbal therapies including lettuce and violet have been studied in clinical trial for insomnia. Conclusion: Findings of the present study showed that according to ITM texts, there are some effective topical herbal remedies which can be used in treatment of insomnia with less adverse effects.

}, keywords = {Efficacy, Herbal medicine, Insomnia, Iranian traditional medicine, Topical.}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_163_18}, author = {Elham Haghjoo and Asie Shojaii and Mohammad Mahdi Parvizi} } @article {368, title = {Protective Effect of Ferulago angulata (Schltdl.) Boiss. Hydroalcoholic Extract against Acetic Acid-induced Colitis in Rat: Role of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {October 2018}, pages = {391-396}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {391}, abstract = {

Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic recurrent inflammatory disease with unknown etiology. Ferulago angulata (Schltdl.) Boiss. has been proposed as an efficacious treatment for gastrointestinal ulcers and UC in the traditional Persian medicine. Objective: In the present study, we investigated the possible protective effect of F. angulata (Schltdl.) Boiss. hydroalcoholic extract (FAE) against acetic acid-induced UC in rats. Materials and Methods: The aerial parts of FAE (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) were administered orally after acetic acid induced-inflammatory bowel disease. On the 3rd day, animals were euthanized by an overdose of ether inhalation and the abdomen was rapidly dissected for macroscopic, histological, and biochemical (tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interleukin-1β [IL-1β]) analyses. Results: All doses of F. angulata (Schltdl.) Boiss. extract ameliorated acetic acid-induced macroscopic and microscopic scores, except for 50 mg/kg. Furthermore, our observations were accompanied by a significant (P \< 0.05) suppression in the elevated amount of IL-1β and TNF-α. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated the beneficial effect of hydroalcoholic extract of F. angulata (Schltdl.) Boiss. in acetic acid-induced ulcerative lesions via anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and mucosal healing properties. F. angulata (Schltdl.) Boiss. possesses promising protective function on colitis.

}, keywords = {Ferulago angulata (Schltdl.) Boiss, Herbal medicine, Inflammatory bowel disease, Inflammatory cytokines, Medicinal plant, Traditional medicine}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_9_18}, author = {Fatemeh Farzaei and Fatemeh Heydarpour and Mohammad Hosein Farzaei and Zahra Minush Siavash Haghighi and Zahra Abbasabadi and Ehsan Sadeghi} } @article {274, title = {Protective Effect of Struthanthus marginatus on Ethanol-induced Gastric Damage in Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {April 2018}, pages = {143-150}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {143}, abstract = {

Background: Our research group previously characterized the antioxidant and gastroprotective effects of Struthanthus marginatus (Loranthaceae), a medicinal herb used in Brazil as a healing agent. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the chemical composition of aqueous extract of S. marginatus (AESm), as well as the mechanisms underlying its gastroprotective and ulcer healing properties using different protocols in mice. Materials and Methods: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry-mass spectrometry/diode array detection analyses to evaluate the chemical composition of AESm were conducted. The antisecretory activity (basal or stimulated) was determined using the pyloric ligature method. The gastroprotective action of nitric oxide and sulfydryl groups ({\textendash}SH groups) were evaluated using ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model. The healing ability was evaluated using an acetic acid-induced chronic ulcer. Results: Chromatographic analyses of AESm permitted to identify several compounds, including 3-trans-caffeoylquinic acid (3-trans-CGA), quercetin, and kaempferol as the major constituents. Oral treatment of animals with AESm (500 mg/kg/day) reduced the severity of ethanol-induced gastric damage similar to omeprazole and in a more pronounced manner than 3-trans-CGA. Such effect was significantly reduced in animals pretreated with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. In addition, AESm inhibited gastric acid secretion in pylorus-ligated mice stimulated with histamine or pilocarpine similar to atropine or cimetidine, respectively. A decrease in acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers similar to that promoted by cimetidine was also observed. Conclusion: The results show that S. marginatus is rich in flavonoids and that these compounds contribute directly to the gastroprotective and ulcer healing effects of this herb. The inhibition of gastric secretion is the possible gastroprotective mechanism.

}, keywords = {Antiulcer activity, Gastric ulcers, Herbal medicine, Struthanthus marginatus}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_76_17}, author = {S{\^o}nia Maria de Farias Freire and R{\^o}mulo Vieira Silva and T{\'a}bata Maira Freitas Morais and Rachel Melo Ribeiro and Selma do Nascimento Silva and Maria do Socorro de Sousa Cart{\'a}genes and Iracelle Carvalho Abreu and Maria Nilce de Sousa Ribeiro and Danilo da Cruz Centeno and Luce Maria Brand{\~a}o Torres and Marilene Oliveira da Rocha Borges and Antonio Carlos Rom{\~a}o Borges} }