@article {1237, title = {Solvent Polarity from Different Plant Extracts Deticate the Potential Activity against Infection by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {April 2024}, pages = {300-304}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {300}, abstract = {

Background: Skin infection by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a common disease in Saudi Arabia. This bacterium is resistance to Methicillin and other antibiotics. Skin and soft tissue are the greatest common infected areas by these strains include abscesses, wound infections and other diseases. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial action of different plants extracts using different solvents from Saudi Arabia against MRSA. Different Plants were extracted by different solvents: methanol, chloroform and n-hexane. Agar well diffusion method was used to determine antibacterial efficacy with 100 μL (5 mg /0.5 mL) of plant extracts. Results: Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined on plant extracts that showed high effectiveness against MRSA. Conclusion: The obtained from Gas chromatography/mass spectrum analysis of the most active four plants, revealed the active volatile oils and flavonoids contents of Artemisia monosperma, Mentha longifolia, Vernonia schimperi and Rumex nervosu have antibacterial activity against MRSA. These plants demonstrate promising anti-MRSA potential.

}, keywords = {Methicillin-Resistant, Plant extract., Solvent polarity, Staphylococcus aureus}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.2.38}, author = {Taha A. Kumosani and Sharifah H. Alshehri and Fatma A. Eissa and Elie K. Barbour and Soonham S. Yaghmoor and Turkyah J. Albogami and Sultan N. Sunble and Tarek A. Abdelnapy and Said S. Moselhy} } @article {196, title = {Inhibitory Activity of Lupinifolin Isolated from Derris reticulata Stem against Biofilm Formation of Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {January 2021}, pages = {403-408}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {403}, abstract = {

Background: Biofilm formation activity of pathogenic bacteria plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of various diseases caused by bacterial infections. It has been reported that lupinifolin, a major phytochemical isolated from Derris reticulata stem, possesses an antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. Nonetheless, its actions on biofilm formation properties of S. mutans and S. aureus have not been clearly established. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial and antibiofilm formation activities of lupinifolin derived from D. reticulata stem against S. mutans and S. aureus. Subjects and Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated using the microbroth dilution method. The antibiofilm formation activity of lupinifolin was conducted at various incubation periods using the crystal violet biofilm formation assay. Results: The MICs of lupinifolin against S. mutans and S. aureus were 4 and 8 {\textmu}g/mL, respectively. Lupinifolin at the concentrations of sub-MICs had significant inhibitory actions against both sucrose-dependent and sucrose-independent biofilm formations of S. mutans. The lowest median inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) were found at the incubation periods of 12 h (0.57 {\textpm} 0.08 {\textmu}g/mL) and 20 h (0.21 {\textpm} 0.04 {\textmu}g/mL) against sucrose-dependent and sucrose-independent S. mutans biofilm formations, respectively. In addition, at its sub-MICs, lupinifolin also produced a significant inhibition against S. aureus biofilm formation with the lowest IC50 of 0.22 {\textpm} 0.03 {\textmu}g/mL observed at 6-h incubation. Conclusion: These results evidently indicated that lupinifolin can potentially be developed further as a natural product-derived antibiofilm-forming agent for the prevention and/or treatment of biofilm-associated bacterial infections.

}, keywords = {Biofilm, Derris reticulata, Lupinifolin, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_57_20}, author = {Pawitra Pulbutr and Kaewkallaya Thongrak and Apichart Thitprapai and Sakulrat Rattanakiat and Chawannuch Mudjupa and Achida Jaruchotikamol} } @article {447, title = {Inhibitory Effects of Pterodon emarginatus Bean Oil and Extract on Staphylococcus aureus}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {November 2017}, pages = {348-353}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {34}, abstract = {

Background: Pterodon emarginatus is a tree of the Brazilian Savannah. The beans of this tree are used in folk medicine as anti-inflammatory preparations, especially for infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria can cause simple infections or serious illnesses such as pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, septicemia, and others. Objective: This study had the goal of verifying the effect of the essential oil (OE) from P. emarginatus on the inhibition of S. aureus in culture medium, i.e., {\textquotedblleft}in vitro{\textquotedblright} tests. Materials and Methods: The vegetable material was cut and crushed with a press. The OE was obtained by extraction using hexane, alcohol, and water. The P. emarginatus extracts obtained were used to evaluate the antimicrobial effect on S. aureus (ATCC 25923) by tests of well diffusion, disc diffusion, and microdilution. The strain used in the assays was maintained in brain heart infusion broth and nutrient agar until testing. Afterward, the bacteria were spread on agar plates with Mueller-Hinton agar medium. In the wells and on the paper discs, the OE suspensions were placed in the following volumes: 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, and 80 {\textmu}L and subsequently they were incubated at 35{\textdegree}C {\textpm} 2{\textdegree}C. After 24 h, the number of colony-forming unit was determined. Results: Pure OE and hydroalcoholic extract inhibited the growth of S. aureus, while aqueous extract had no effect on bacterial growth in all microbial methods used. Conclusion: Thus, the present study showed the potential of sucupira-based extracts against S. aureus growth, opening new perspectives for the evaluation of these bioactive compounds as phytopharmaceutical products.

}, keywords = {Antimicrobial test, Diterpenes, medical pathogens, Phytopharmaceutical extract, Sesquiterpenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Sucupira-branca}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_13_17}, author = {VS Mendes and JB Sant{\textquoteright}Anna and S. C. C. Oliveira and Iriani Rodrigues Maldonade and Eleuza Rodrigues Machado} }