@article {1484, title = {Green Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Using Vitex negundo Linn-An in vitro study}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {August 2025}, pages = {1-6}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1}, abstract = {

Background: Nanotechnology offers innovative approaches for biomedical applications, including antimicrobial agent development. Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuO NPs) exhibit strong antibacterial properties, but conventional synthesis methods rely on toxic chemicals and high energy consumption, raising environmental concerns. This study explores the green synthesis of CuO NPs using Vitex negundo Linn., a medicinal plant, as an eco-friendly alternative. Objectives: To synthesize and characterize CuO NPs using Vitex negundo Linn. leaf extract and evaluate their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Materials and Methods: Vitex negundo leaf extract was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent for CuO NP synthesis. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Antibacterial activity was assessed using the agar well diffusion method against E. coli and S. aureus. Results: The synthesis of CuO NPs was confirmed by a UV-vis absorption peak at 277 nm. FTIR analysis indicated functional groups responsible for stabilization, and SEM imaging revealed spherical nanoparticles ranging from 50-100 nm. Antibacterial testing demonstrated concentration-dependent inhibition, with the largest zones of inhibition observed at 100 μL CuO NP concentration. Conclusion: Green synthesis of CuO NPs using Vitex negundo Linn is a sustainable and effective alternative to conventional methods. The nanoparticles exhibited significant antibacterial activity, highlighting their potential for biomedical applications. Further research should explore scalability, mechanisms of action, and in vivo efficacy.

}, keywords = {Antibacterial activity, Copper oxide nanoparticles, Green synthesis, Nanotechnology, Sustainable Synthesis, Vitex negundo Linn}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252186}, author = {Pravallika Kakada and Abilasha R and Pratibha Ramani} } @article {1322, title = {Controlling of Oral Pathogens and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Cymbopogon citratus and Zingiber officinale}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {943-948}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {943}, abstract = {

Introduction: Green chemistry is considered a preferable alternative to hazardous chemical compounds when it comes to producing non-toxic nanomaterials. Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuONPs) are well-known for its antimicrobial, anti-carcinogenic and anti-inflammatory properties. Lemongrass is essential for immunological health and infection prevention. Ginger is known for its antibacterial properties and it is thought to reduce nausea and improve absorption by facilitating the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine. Objectives: The primary aim of the study is to evaluate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of the prepared copper oxide nanoparticles. Materials and Methods: The free radical scavenging ability of the prepared CuONPs was investigated using DPPH and Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assay. The anti-inflammatory capability of synthesized CuONPs was examined using Bovine serum albumin and Egg albumin denaturation assay. The bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect of the prepared CuONPs was analysed with time kill curve assay. Results: The result shows that the prepared CuONPs possess significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity at the highest concentrations of 50 μL. The synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles are found to possess excellent bactericidal activity at the 100 μL concentrations compared to standard amoxyrite against the tested oral pathogens. Conclusion: The prepared nanoparticles are found to possess strong antioxidant; anti-inflammatory and bactericidal effect and the activity is concentration dependent.

}, keywords = {Copper oxide nanoparticles, Ginger, Lemongrass, Oral pathogens}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.4.108}, author = {Rajeshkumar Shanmugam and Rohit Ravikumar and Ashwin Senthil Kumar and Jayasree Anandan and Akshetha Loganathan and Kushi Jain} }