@article {1297, title = {Exploring Antidepressant and Skeletal Muscle Relaxant Effects of the Hydroalcholic Extract of the Sedum lineare Thunb}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {803-809}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {803}, abstract = {

Background: Sedum lineare is a perennial succulent plant that is a member of the family Crassulaceae. Objectives: The present study desired to explore the antidepressant and muscle relaxant activities of hydroalcoholic extract of Sedum lineare Thunb. Materials and Methods: Male Swiss Albino mice were selected and distributed on different groups and administered with extracts of various doses. The forced swim test, tail suspension test, grip strength test and inclined plane test were conducted. Results: The forced swim test showed a reduction in the immobility time, i.e., 124.6{\textpm}1.32, 98{\textpm}0.72 and 84.4{\textpm}1.20 at a dose of 100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg. The tail suspension test also presented reduced immobility time, i.e., 128{\textpm}1.61, 117.4{\textpm}0.96, 104.4{\textpm}0.63 in 100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively. The grip strength test showed a decrease in time to fall from the wire, i.e., 33.4{\textpm}0.92, 19.2{\textpm}0.86 and 15.2{\textpm}0.86 in 100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively. Time in the inclined plane also reduced, i.e., 20.8{\textpm}1.24, 17.2{\textpm}0.58, 14.8{\textpm}1.06 in 100 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, respectively. Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of Sedum lineare Thunb possesses depression and muscle relaxant activities.

}, keywords = {Anti-depressant, Forced swim test, Muscle relaxant, Sedum lineare Thunb, Tail suspension test}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.4.92}, author = {Sunil Kumar and Ajay Kumar Singh Rawat and Peeyush Bhardwaj} } @article {125, title = {Antidepressant-Like Effects of Barley (Hordeum vulgare) in a Mouse Model of Reserpine-Induced Depression}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {May 2020}, pages = {199-204}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {199}, abstract = {

Background: Depression is a mental disorder characterized by low mood and loss of pleasure or interest in usual activities and often results in cognitive dysfunction such as impairment of learning and memory. For most of the synthetic antidepressants, severe defects such as narrow spectrum, adverse reactions, high drug price, and easy recurrence exist. Barley is one of the richest sources of antioxidants; therefore, we examined whether barley has an effect on depression, learning, and memory in a mouse model of reserpine-induced depression. Methods: Mice were individually acclimated for 1 week and then treated with barley (200 mg/kg, p. o.) or/and fluoxetine (20 mg/kg, i. p.) for 4 weeks prior to reserpine treatment. Mice were then injected with a single dose of reserpine (2 mg/kg, i. p.) or vehicle (20 mg/kg, i. p.) and assessed for mouse behaviors 1 h prior to tests. Mouse behavior was examined in the forced swimming test, tail suspension test, hole-board test, novel place/object recognition, social interaction test, spontaneous locomotor movement (SLMA), and stereotype movement following completion of the treatment protocol. Results: There was a significant antidepressant-like effect in the forced swimming test among the barley group than in the reserpine-treated group, and these decreases were significantly attenuated to a similar extent by treatment with fluoxetine. The effect of barley on the mean duration of immobility time was significantly attenuated in comparison with the reserpine group (P \< 0.05). Moreover, the number of head pokes was significantly increased in the barley group in comparison with the reserpine or fluoxetine group. The mean duration of immobility time in the tail suspension test was significantly reduced in mice in the barley group in comparison with the reserpine group (P \< 0.05). Furthermore, the social behavior test indicated that mice treated with fluoxetine have a significant increase in the distance covered by the mice toward familiar ones compared to the barley group, whereas the distance measured to the stranger mice was significantly increased among those who received fluoxetine with barley in comparison with the barley group alone. Finally, novel object recognition test, spontaneous locomotor movements (SLMA), and the stereotype movements showed that barley significantly decreased time spent on exploring the novel objects as well as in stereotype movements in comparison with the reserpine group. Conclusion: We conclude that barley can ameliorate depressive-like effects. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that barley may be effective in treating patients with depression.

}, keywords = {Antidepressant-like effects, Barley, Forced swimming test, Novel object recognition test, Social behavior test, Spontaneous locomotor and stereotype movements, Tail suspension test}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_105_19}, author = {Hamad Rashdan Ali Al-Harbi and Sameer Al Harthi and Mansour Suliman and Omar Saadah and Ahmed Esmat and Lateef M. Khan and Shahid Karim} }