@article {1159, title = {Luffa operculata (L.) Cogn. Gestational Exposition Induces Anxiety-like Behavior and Interferes with Melatonin and Inflammation in Young Female Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {June 2023}, pages = {524-536}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {524}, abstract = {

Background: Luffa operculata (L.) Cogn. (Cucurbitaceae; EBN) dried fruits are abortifacient and showed undesirable effects over male and female adult Wistar rats. Objectives: The present study aimed at accessing how the gestational exposition of F1 female Wistar rats (FF1) to EBN interfered with behavior after challenge with stress or Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and Methods: Wistar rat female fetuses were gestationally exposed to a sub-abortifacient dose of EBN, and received stress or LPS challenge at a young adult age. The alterations in behavior, serum hormone levels, cytokines, and liver and kidney histological and biochemical indices were evaluated. Results: The gestational administration of EBN and NYM/LPS exposition at a young adult age induced anxiety-like behavior in the FF1, accompanied by an increase in the serum corticosterone, ACTH and melatonin levels. A diminish in the pro-inflammatory cytokines was also observed. No histochemical or biochemical alterations were seen in the liver or kidneys. Conclusion: The gestational exposition of EBN led the FF1 to reveal an anxiety-like behavior after being submitted to a stress challenge or LPS exposition at a young adult age and was accompanied by an increase of serum corticosterone and ACTH. A melatonin serum level increase has also been implicated in diminishing the pro-inflammatory cytokines.

}, keywords = {Animal behavior, Cognitive performance, Gestational treatment, Interleukins, Reproduction, Stress.}, doi = {10.5530/pres.15.3.055}, author = {Cinthia dos S. Alves and Humberto V. Frias and Leoni V. Bonamin and Eduardo F. Bondan and Cid{\'e}li P. Coelho and Maria de F{\'a}tima M. Martins and Maria M. Bernardi and Ivana B. Suffredini} } @article {1176, title = {Piper pedicellatum C. DC. Leaf Methanol Extract Inhibits Edema and Granuloma and Modulates Mediators and Cytokines in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {October 2023}, pages = {679-686}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {679}, abstract = {

Background: Piper pedicellatum is an ethnomedicinal plant used in various inflammatory conditions by many ethnic groups and exploration of its therapeutic potentials is imperative. Objective: This study was carried out to assess anti-inflammatory potential of the methanol extract of the plant leaves using in vivo experiments to validate the traditional uses. Materials and Methods: Carrageenan-induced paw edema and Cotton pellet-induced granuloma models were used to investigate into the anti-inflammatory potential of the plant extract in rats at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg dose. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg) is used as reference standard. Serum levels of inflammatory markers and cytokines, hematological and serum hepatic enzyme indices were analyzed in granuloma-induced model. Results: The methanol extract suppressed Carrageenan-induced paw edema significantly at different time intervals. The highest percentage inhibition was observed at 3rd hr after Carrageenan injection, which was 42.67\% and 49.33\% for 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg dose of the extract respectively. In granuloma-induced model, the methanol extract at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg dose inhibited exudate formation by 28.58\% and 41.27\%, respectively and inhibition of granuloma tissue was 32.45\% and 43.71\%, respectively along with significant decrement in serum C-reactive protein, Prostaglandin E2, Tumor necrosis factor-α, Interleukin-6 while increases in Interleukin-10 levels. Also, the results showed hematological and serum hepatic enzyme levels were rectified to near normal levels in treated rats. Conclusion: The outcome of the investigation reveals the potential of extract as possible anti-inflammatory agent, which can be develop into therapeutic agent or supplement and also necessitates further pharmacological studies on the plant.

}, keywords = {Cytokines, Edema, Granuloma, Interleukins, Piper pedicellatum C. DC}, doi = {10.5530/pres.15.4.072}, author = {Dev Jyoti Kalita and Kangkan Deka and Ngurzampuii Sailo and Sanjoy Das and Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti} }