@article {1310, title = {Exploring the Mechanisms and Dosages of Herbal Hepatoprotective Agents}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {706-717}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {706}, abstract = {

Herbal hepatoprotective drugs are important for managing liver health because they provide complementary or alternative treatments for the various disorders of the liver. This review provides a thorough analysis of the numerous herbal hepatoprotective drugs{\textquoteright} studied during the recent years, including their modes of action, suggested dosages, market trends, status of clinical trials and patents. The hepatoprotective properties of these herbal medicinal products are partly attributed to their mechanisms of actions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, enzyme-modulating actions, and regeneration of hepatocytes. The recommended dosages differ based on the particular plant and ailment, highlighting the necessity for individualized treatment plans and more research to achieve the best possible therapeutic results. Patented compositions and polyherbal formulations provide novel treatments with synergistic effects that improve medicinal efficacy. The increased demand for natural treatments and their potential applications in pharmaceutical and nutraceutical fields has resulted in a considerable and expanding market for herbal hepatoprotective agents. Notwithstanding their possible advantages, more investigation is required to clarify mechanisms of action, assess long-term safety and efficacy, and provide uniform standards for clinical application. In general, herbal hepatoprotective drugs are promising approaches to manage liver health; nonetheless, their use necessitates regulatory oversight, quality control procedures, and evidence-based practice.

}, keywords = {Dosage, Hepatoprotective Agents, Herbal drugs, Market Size, Mechanism, Patents}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.4.82}, author = {Rajendra Prasad Menasagere Rajappa and Paramakrishnan Nallupillai and Kamsagara Linganna Krishna and Manoj Madanahalli Ramesh and Annegowda Hardur Venkatappa} } @article {1124, title = {Unexploited Potentials of Endophytic Fungi: Patents Review on Endophytic Fungi Related to Secondary Bioactive Compounds}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {February 2023}, pages = {217-225}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {217}, abstract = {

Endophytic fungi are various micro-organisms that inhabit intracellular or intercellular plant tissues in symbiotic association [at certain stages of their life cycles], without causing damage or morphological changes. The endophytes from medicinal plants are important resources for discovery of natural products and secondary bioactive metabolites having the potential biotechnological applications in agriculture, medicine, and allied sectors. The endophytic fungi such as Acremonium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Phomopsis, Pestalotiopsis, Pseudomassari, Quercina, Trichoderma genera have been reported from different medicinal plants with potential therapeutic activity. On the other hand, the endophytic fungi can also confer profound impacts on their host plants like improvement in growth, activation of systemic tolerances towards abiotic/biotic stresses, enhancement of nutrient solublization, biosynthesis of phytohormones and stimulating accumulation of secondary metabolites. Endophytic fungi have attracted much research interest because they have provided not only novel sources of Cytotoxic compounds, Antimicrobial agents, Bio-stimulants for essential oil biosynthesis, Anticancer agents, antioxidant agents, anti-diabetic agents, immunosuppressant and insecticidal compounds. The present review reveals the importance of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants as a source of bioactive compounds as well as landscape of patents related to the production of secondary metabolites through endophytic fungi and their application in pharmaceutical sectors.

}, keywords = {Biological activity, Endophytic fungi, Patents, Phytohormones., Secondary metabolites, Symbiotic association}, doi = {10.5530/pres.15.2.023}, author = {Priyatama V. Powar and Shilpa Chaudhari} }