@article {1416, title = {A Comprehensive Review on Medicinal Herbal Plant with Potential Hypolipidemic Activity}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {April 2025}, pages = {489-506}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {489}, abstract = {

Hyperlipidaemia, characterized by elevated blood lipid levels, is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. While traditional pharmacological treatments are available, their effectiveness and potential side effects highlight the need to explore alternative approaches. Herbal plants have attracted attention due to their variety of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential. This review aims to provide an overview of the lipid-lowering effects of several herbal plants, discussing their mechanisms of action and available clinical evidence. Notable herbs such as garlic (Allium sativum), ginger (Zingiber officinale) and green tea (Camellia sinensis) have shown potential in reducing lipid levels by modulating enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, inhibiting cholesterol absorption and enhancing lipid excretion. The findings suggest that numerous phytochemicals may offer therapeutic benefits for managing hyperlipidaemia. In addition, an analysis of 83 compounds indicates that 60 adhere to Lipinski{\textquoteright}s Rule of Five and Veber{\textquoteright}s Rule, suggesting that these compounds possess optimal physicochemical properties, which could make them viable candidates for future treatments of hyperlipidaemia.

}, keywords = {Herbal drug, Herbal medicine, Hyperlipidaemia Activity, Lipid Herb Drug Interaction, Lipinski{\textquoteright}s Rule, Physicochemical properties, Veber{\textquoteright}s Rule}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252009}, author = {Devendra Dhanorya and Vikas Pnadey and Rajesh Shukla and Yuvraj Vishwakarma and Gourav Kumar Bairagi and Vandana Gupta and Pushpender Bardiya and Shivam Kumar Kori and Priyansh Patel and Nishant Kumar Bardiya and Shikha Bhalla and Shubham Anand} } @article {1070, title = {Physicochemical Properties and Inhibitory Effects of Oregano Oil against Uropathogenic}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {July 2022}, pages = {328-332}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {328}, abstract = {

Background: Natural oil is an aromatic by-product of highly volatile plants. It can be easily extracted from a variety of natural sources using a variety of distillation processes due to its volatility. Oregano oil is a substance derived from the oregano plant, also known as Origanum vulgare. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties of oregano oil and to relate them to its chemical composition. Moreover, to examine its antibacterial activity against urinary tract pathogens. Materials and Methods: Commercial natural oregano oil (purity >=98\%) was obtained from Bluray food products operating under the brand name Bluray Food Products. The physico-chemical characteristics of oregano oil were determined using different techniques. GC-MS was used to analyze the chemical properties of oregano oil as well as analysis of saponification value, peroxide value, p- Anisidine value, pH value, and organoleptic properties (color, odor, consistency, nature, and solubility) were performed. Results: According to the results, GC-MS identified 66 different chemicals in oregano oil, accounting for 100\% of the overall composition. It was found that oregano oil has a saponification value of 187.94 mg KOH/g, a peroxide value of 6.22, and a P-Anisidine value of 3.645. In addition, the oil of oregano was found to have inhibitory activity against all uropathogenic bacteria tested. E. coli has an inhibitory zone of 29 mm, P. aeruginosa 27 mm, K. pneumoniae 20 mm, P. mirabilis 22 mm, E. aerogenes 21 mm, E. faecalis 21-mm, A. baumannii 22-mm, N. gonorrhoeae 24-mm, S. aureus 26 mm, and S. epidermis 20-mm. Conclusion: Based on these results, it can be concluded that oregano oil was found to have optimal antibacterial activities against all tested urinary pathogenic bacteria.

}, keywords = {Antibacterial activity, GC-MS, Oregano oil, Physicochemical properties}, doi = {10.5530/pres.14.3.48}, author = {Rana Thamer Hadi Alkhafaji and M. Jayashankar} } @article {920, title = {Evaluation of Physicochemical and Phytochemical Properties of Safoof-E-Sana, a Unani polyherbal Formulation}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {November 2010}, pages = {318-322}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {318}, abstract = {

Background: Although the formulations of the Unani system of medicine are popular, not much scientific work has been reported so far. The present article is an attempt to establish the scientific basis of one of the popular Unani formulations Safoof-ESana, a polyherbal formulation widely used as a laxative. Methods: Investigations were carried out to study the physicochemical and phytochemical properties of Safoof-E-Sana and its active ingredients. Results and Conclusion: The values of percentage loss on drying, angle of repose, Hausner ratio, and Carr{\textquoteright}s index of the formulation were calculated as 8.25 {\textpm} 0.582, 27.68, 1.23, and 19 respectively, which indicate that the moisture content of the formulation is within the range and depict good flow characteristics. The total ash, acid- nsoluble ash, and water-soluble ash were found to be 19.146 {\textpm} 0.237, 2.351 {\textpm} 0.223, and 49.216 {\textpm} 0.634, respectively; the value of total ash indicates that the inorganic contents of the formulation are below the limits. Alcoholic and aqueous extracts of the formulation and ingredients were prepared and evaluated for phytochemical analysis and extractive values, and the results show that alkaloids of the formulation are more soluble in water than in alcohol and the higher aqueous extractive value (45.784 {\textpm} 0.876) of Unani formulation depicts that water is a better solvent of extraction for the formulation than ethanol.

}, keywords = {Physicochemical properties, Phytochemical properties, Safoof-E-Sana, Tibb-e-Unani, Unani system of medicine}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.72332}, author = {Ajazuddin and Shailendra Saraf} }