@article {95, title = {Chemical Composition, Antioxidant, and Anticholine Esterase Activities of Essential Oil of Xylopia aethiopica Seeds}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {May 2020}, pages = {112-118}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {112}, abstract = {

Background: Xylopia aethiopica is well known to treat neurodegenerative diseases in traditional medicine and there is no scientific evidence for this claim. Objective: The current research aimed at investigating chemical characterization, antioxidant, and anticholine esterase activity of the essential oil from X. aethiopica. Materials and Methods: Essential oil extraction was carried out by the use of the steam distillation method in a modified Clevenger-type apparatus. The chemical composition of the essential oil from seeds of X. aethiopica (African pepper) was determined using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and its potentials as antioxidant and anticholine esterase were evaluated for the first time. Results: The oil yield was 5.2\% (v/w) in X. aethiopica. The GC-MS analysis identified a total of 52 compounds corresponding to 100\% of the total oil in X. aethiopica. The major constituents of X. aethiopica essential oil are terpinen-4-ol (11.88\%), α-terpineol (5.93\%), cyclohexane methanol (4.79\%), and β-copaene (4.74\%). The most abundant classes of compounds from the essential oil were oxygenated monoterpenes (MT) which amounted to (37.6\%), followed by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (29.61\%), sesquiterpenes (14.67\%), oxygenated diterpenes (9.05\%), nonterpenoid aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons (4.81\%), diterpenes (3.8\%), and MT (0.47\%) of all the identified constituents. A significant antioxidant (IC50 value of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl = 2.19 {\textpm} 0.09 mg/mL) and anticholine esterase activity (IC50 = 1.21 {\textpm} 0.06 mg/mL) was obtained for the essential oil of X. aethiopica. Conclusion: The study established the chemical composition, antioxidant, and anticholine esterase activities of the essential oil of the plant seeds.

}, keywords = {Anticholineesterase, Antioxidant, Monoterpenes, Sesquiterpenes, Xylopia aethiopica}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_47_19}, author = {Lateef Adegboyega Sulaimon and Rahmat Adetutu Adisa and Efereo Martins Obuotor and Modinat Olasunkanmi Lawal and Abdullahi I Moshood and Nura H Muhammad} } @article {783, title = {Essential Oil Composition of Fruits and Leaves of Zanthoxylum nitidum Grown in Upper Assam Region of India}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {1}, year = {2009}, month = {January 2010 }, type = {Original Article}, abstract = {

Essential oils isolated by hydro-distillation from the fruits and leaves of Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC (Rutaceae), growing in upper Assam region of North-East India were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. The fruit volatile oil contained 17 components amongst which 75\% were monoterpenes, 12.5\% were sesquiterpenes and 12.5\% were straight chain hydrocarbons; whereas the leaf volatile oil contained 16 components out of which 60\% were monoterpenes, 13.3\% were sesquiterpenes, and 26.7\% were straight chain hydrocarbons. Linalool (23.3\%), limonene (12.9\%), 6-terpineol (8.3\%), 6-pinene (7.9\%) were the predominant monoterpenes of the fruit oil and the main monoterpenes in the leaf oil were limonene (33.1\%), geraniol (10.6\%) and carvone (9.6\%).

}, keywords = {Essential oil, Limonene, Linalool, Monoterpenes, Zanthoxylum nitidum}, doi = {Nil}, author = {Sanjib Bhattacharya and Md. Kamaruz Zaman} }