@article {1472, title = {Critical Review on Phytoconstituents and Pharmacological Activity of Glycyrrhiza Glabra}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {June 2025}, pages = {1-10}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {1}, abstract = {

For a very long time, plants have been used extensively to treat both humans and animals. Herbal medications, health products, and pharmaceuticals are in greater demand. A small perennial herb in the Fabaceae/Leguminosae family, Licorice is scientifically known as Glycyrrhiza glabra. The plant is widely recognized for having a sweet taste. The Plant{\textquoteright}s sweetness is imparted by a substance called glycyrrhizin. Glycyrrhiza glabra is composed of various compounds such as isoliquiritin, glycyrrhizin acid, isoflavones, and glycyrrhizin. Numerous pharmacological actions have been documented for these substances, such as expectorant, anticancer, antiulcer, demulcent, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Historically, licorice has been used to cure a variety of ailments, such as epilepsy, hyperdipsia, fever, stomach ulcers, rheumatism, respiratory conditions, jaundice, hemorrhagic diseases, paralysis, skin conditions, and sexual debility. Additionally, it has been used as an anti-inflammatory during allergic reactions and as a preventative measure against gastric and duodenal ulcers. These properties make Glycyrrhiza glabra a promising candidate for future drug development. Its potential therapeutic benefits and safety profile, however, require further study.

}, keywords = {Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Expectorant, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Glycyrrhizin, Licorice}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252181}, author = {Aastha Shakya and Kaushal Kumar} } @article {1442, title = {Formulation and Evaluation of Azadirachta indica Taste Masked Oral Pellets for Gut Microbiome Modulation}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {June 2025}, pages = {823-830}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {823}, abstract = {

Introduction: Azadirachta indica has long been known for its therapeutic benefits, which include immunomodulatory and antibacterial activities. Human health is greatly influenced by the gut microbiota, and disturbances with this composition have been connected to a number of illnesses. Using natural items like Azadirachta indica to alter the gut flora provides a fresh strategy for preserving gut health and averting illness. Aim and Objectives: The purpose of the present research was to create and assess Azadirachta indica taste masked oral pellets for their capacity to alter the gut microbiota and support a balanced microbial population. Materials and Methods: The extrusion-spheronization technique was used to combine Azadirachta indica extract into oral pellets. An evaluation of the physicochemical properties of Azadirachta indica extract was carried out. The pellets were assessed for flow properties, loss on drying, friability, disintegration time to predict taste masking, microbial limit test and in vitro gut microbiome modulation using rat fecal samples. Results: Acceptable physicochemical properties were displayed by the prepared pellets. A well-balanced formulation for quick disintegrating and effective flavor masking is shown by disintegration period, which makes oral pellets highly palatable and suitable for oral administration. Potential for gut microbiome modification was indicated by in vitro study, which showed that prepared pellets specifically suppressed harmful bacteria while encouraging the growth of healthy gut microbiota. Conclusion: The Taste masked oral pellets made from Azadirachta indica demonstrated encouraging outcomes in regulating the microbes in the gut by promoting the development of beneficial bacteria. Potential applications in gut health treatments and as a prophylactic against illnesses linked to the microbiota are suggested by this.

}, keywords = {Azadirachta indica, Extrusion-spheronization, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Taste masked oral pellets etc}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252118}, author = {Sarika Ankushrao Nikam and Priyatama Vijaysing Powar and Vaibhav Ravindra Vaidya and Devendra Shriram Shirode and Akshaykumar A. Sankaye and Neetu Ashok Khatri} } @article {687, title = {Comparative Study to Evaluate the Anti-viral Efficacy of Glycyrrhiza glabra Extract and Ribavirin Against the Newcastle Disease Virus}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {December,2013}, pages = {6-11}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {6}, abstract = {

Background: The Newcastle disease represents as one of the most infectious viral disease, which afflicts almost every species of the birds. The causative agent of the disease is a single-stranded RNA virus with rapid replication capability. Objective: This study was performed to evaluate the comparative anti-viral efficacy and toxicity of Glycyrrhiza glabra aqueous extract and ribavirin against the Newcastle disease virus. Materials and Methods: The embryonated eggs were divided into six groups (A, B, C, D, E and F). Groups A, B, C, and D were further subdivided into three subgroups. The virus was identified by hemagglutination inhibition test. Spot hemagglutination test and viability of embryos were also evaluated. Three different concentrations i-e., 30 mg/100 ml, 60 mg/100 ml, and 120 mg/100 ml of the Glycyrrhiza aqueous extract and 10 μg/ml, 20 μg/ml, and 40 μg/ml ribavirin in deionized water were evaluated for their toxicity and anti-viral activity in the embryonated eggs. Results: 60 mg/100 ml concentration of Glycyrrhiza extract did not produce any toxicity in the embryonated eggs and showed anti-viral activity against the virus. Similarly, 20 μg/ml ribavirin was non-toxic in the embryonated eggs and contained anti-viral activity. Conclusion: It may conclude from the presented study that 60 mg/100 ml Glycyrrhiza extract inhibits replication of Newcastle disease virus and is non-toxic in the embryonated eggs. So, Glycyrrhiza glabra extract may be further evaluated in future to determine the potentially active compounds for their anti-viral activity against Newcastle disease virus. Furthermore, the mechanism of action of these active phytochemicals as an antiviral agent would be helpful to elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease.

}, keywords = {Anti-viral agents, Embryonated eggs, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Newcastle disease virus, Ribavirin}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.122911}, author = {Muhammad Ovais Omer and Waleed Hassan AlMalki and Imran Shahid and Shahzada Khuram and Imran Altaf and Saeed Imran} }