@article {85, title = {Evaluation of Phytochemical Content of White Tea Clone 100 and Changes the Expression of Tumor Suppressor Genes on Colorectal Cancer Cell Line HCT116}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {August 2019}, pages = {224-229}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {224}, abstract = {

Aim/Background: Colorectal carcinoma cancer is one of the main types of cancer with high death rate of patients, according to their non-healthy lifestyle. In this research, we evaluated inhibitory of white tea clone 100 extract on colorectal cancer cell line HCT-116, and its effectiveness in expression level of three tumor suppressor genes. Materials and Methods: Total polyphenolic content in all samples were measured using the Folin{\textendash}Ciocalteu method, and free radical adsorption investigated by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to evaluate the white tea extract inhibitory effect on HCT-116 cells. Results: Among different extraction methods, the white tea aqueous extracts produced the highest amount of polyphenols and DPPH radical scavenging activity (36.67 {\textpm} 0.54 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight and 71.74\% {\textpm} 0.42\%, respectively). Cell survival analysis in the MTT assay indicated that aqueous white tea extract could reduce the viability of HCT-116 cells in 8, 16, and 24 h considerably, related to the concentration-dependent manner. The real-time polymerase chain reaction results indicated the significantly increased expression level (P \< 0.05) of tumor suppressor genes DCC, TGFBR2, and P53 in the concentration of 1000 μg/ml at 24 h. Conclusion: White tea aqueous extract because of having hydroxyl group in its structure at optimal concentration in all three times of experimental, could lead to a positive changes effect on gene expression in the tumor suppressor family.

}, keywords = {3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, HCT-116 cell line, Radical scavenging activity, Tumor suppressor genes, White tea}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_39_19}, author = {Fereydoon Bondarian and Asa Ebrahimi and Frouzandeh Mahjoubi and Eslam Majidi Hervan and Reza Azadi Gonbad} } @article {281, title = {A Study of In-vitro Hypoglycemic and Glucose Uptake Activity of Isolated Compound from Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Amaranthus tristis Linn.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {February,2019}, pages = {37-40}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {37}, abstract = {

Background: Natural bioactive compounds have a long history to use effectively in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. Amaranthus tristis Linn (Amaranthaceae) have been used for the treatment of various ailments. Objective: The present work was undertaken to study the effect of an isolated bioactive compound from the leaf of Amaranthus tristis Linn on glucose uptake in cell lines like 3T3-L1 cell lines and inhibition of alphaglucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes. Materials and Methods: The Ethanolic leaf extract of Amaranthus tristis Linn subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and isolated compound were tested for its cytotoxicity study by MTT assay. Isolated compound was selected further glucose uptake assay based on cytotoxicity concentration CTC50 value. NMR technique was used to identify the structure of the compound. Results: Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides. The Isolated compound showed moderate cytotoxic activity to 3T3-L1 cell line. Compounds identified as rutin In in-vitro glucose uptake assay of rutin showed an increase in glucose uptake. Conclusion: A. tristis Linn. showed significant antidiabetic activity in dose-dependent manner.

}, keywords = {3T3-L1 cell lines, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Amaranthus tristis Linn.}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_119_18}, author = {T. Sundarrajan and V. Velmurugan and K. Manikandan and D. Jothieswari} } @article {139, title = {A Study of In-vitro Hypoglycemic and Glucose Uptake Activity of Isolated Compound from Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Amaranthus tristis Linn}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {February 2019}, pages = {37-40}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {37}, abstract = {

Background: Natural bioactive compounds have a long history to use effectively in the treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. Amaranthus tristis Linn (Amaranthaceae) have been used for the treatment of various ailments. Objective: The present work was undertaken to study the effect of an isolated bioactive compound from the leaf of Amaranthus tristis Linn on glucose uptake in cell lines like 3T3-L1 cell lines and inhibition of alphaglucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes. Materials and Methods: The Ethanolic leaf extract of Amaranthus tristis Linn subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and isolated compound were tested for its cytotoxicity study by MTT assay. Isolated compound was selected further glucose uptake assay based on cytotoxicity concentration CTC50 value. NMR technique was used to identify the structure of the compound. Results: Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides. The Isolated compound showed moderate cytotoxic activity to 3T3-L1 cell line. Compounds identified as rutin In in-vitro glucose uptake assay of rutin showed an increase in glucose uptake. Conclusion: A. tristis Linn. showed significant antidiabetic activity in dose-dependent manner.

}, keywords = {3T3-L1 cell lines, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Amaranthus tristis Linn}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_119_18}, author = {T. Sundarrajan and V. Velmurugan and K. Manikandan and D. Jothieswari} } @article {395, title = {Chemical Constituents and Bioactivities of Glinus Oppositifolius}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {June 2015}, pages = {138-147}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {138}, abstract = {

Objectives: To isolate the secondary metabolites from the dichloromethane (DCM) extracts of Glinus oppositifolius; to test for the cytotoxicity of a new triterpene, oppositifolone (1); and to test for the hypoglycemic, analgesic, and antimicrobial potentials of 1, DCM and aqueous leaf extracts of G. oppositifolius. Methods: The compounds were isolated by silica gel chromatography and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity potential of 1 was tested using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Triterpene 1, DCM, and aqueous leaf extracts were tested for hypoglycemic potential using the oral glucose tolerance test; analgesic potential using the tail-flick assay, and antimicrobial potential using the disc diffusion method. Results: The DCM extracts of G. oppositifolius afforded 1, squalene, spinasterol, oleanolic acid, phytol, and lutein from the leaves; squalene and spergulagenin A from the stems; and spinasterol from the roots. Triterpene 1 was cytotoxic against human colon carcinoma 116 with an IC50 value of 28.7 but did not exhibit cytotoxicity against A549. The aqueous leaf extract at 200 mg/kg body weight (BW) exhibited hypoglycemic activity with a pronounced \% blood glucose reduction of 70.76\% {\textpm}17.4\% within 0.5 h after introduction. The DCM leaf extract showed a lower \% blood glucose reduction of 18.52\% {\textpm}13.5\% at 200 mg/kg BW within 1.5 h after introduction, while 1 did not exhibit hypoglycemic activity. The samples did not exhibit analgesic property and were inactive against multiple drug resistant bacterial pathogens. Conclusion: The compounds responsible for the hypoglycemic activity of G. oppositifolius which are fast acting (0.5 h) are found in the aqueous leaf extract.

}, keywords = {3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Analgesic, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic, Glinus oppositifolius Linn, Hypoglycemic, Molluginaceae, Oppositifolone}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.150520}, author = {Consolacion Y. Ragasa and Esperanza C. Cabrera and Oscar B. Torres and Adiel Inah Buluran and Dinah L. Espineli and Dennis D. Raga and Chien-Chang Shen} }