@article {1055, title = {Tinospora cordifolia Stem Extract-mediated Green Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles and its Biological Applications}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {July 2022}, pages = {289-296}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {289}, abstract = {

Background: According to a literature review Tinospora cordifolia possess alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, and steroids with anti-cancer potential. However, there is a lack of scientific evidence on the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles from the stem of T. cordifolia and its biological activities. Objectives: This study is intended to synthesize Selenium Nanoparticles using T. cordifolia stem extract, characterise them, and evaluate them in-vitro for antioxidant and anticancer activity. Materials and Methods: The T. cordifolia Selenium Nanoparticles (TC-SeNPs) were synthesised by reducing selenious acid with T. cordifolia stem extract. TC-SeNPs were characterized by UV{\textendash}Vis, FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDAX and ICP-AES, further evaluated for in-vitro antioxidant activity by DPPH free radical scavenging test and reducing power capacity. The MTT assay of TC-SeNP was carried out in-vitro in the human breast cancer cells line (MCF-7) to determine the anticancer activity. Results: The UV-spectroscopy of TC-SeNPs showed maximum absorbance at 285 nm, which is the characteristic feature of SeNP. According to DLS, SEM, and TEM images, the size of TC-SeNPs was between 100-200 nm and was stable with a Zeta potential of -23.9mV. XRD analysis confirmed the crystallinity of TC-SeNPs. Selenium in TC-SeNP was verified in EDAX analysis (63.36\% weight) and ICP-AES 68.08 {\textpm}12.2 μg/ml selenium content. The IC50 value 28.62 {\textpm} 0.63 μg/mL and EC50 (62.50 {\textpm} 1.21 μg/mL) values indicated that the TC-SeNPs possess significant antioxidant capacity. MTT assay showed TC-SeNPs were cytotoxic to MCF-7 cell with IC50 values (31.29 {\textpm} 0.22μg/mL), suggesting that TC-SeNPs display moderate cytotoxicity that could dose-dependently inhibit cell proliferation. Conclusion: Thus, experimental evidence provides insight into the successful synthesis of the selenium nanoparticle from the stem of T. cordifolia, its potential therapeutic value, and the prospect of developing an anti-cancer TC-SeNPs formulation.

}, keywords = {anticancer, Antioxidant, Green synthesis, Phytonanoparticles, Selenium nanoparticles, Tinospora cordifolia}, doi = {10.5530/pres.14.3.42}, author = {Abhijeet Puri and Swati Patil} } @article {484, title = {Characterization of Anticancer Principles of Celosia argentea (Amaranthaceae)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {February 2016}, pages = {97-104}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {97}, abstract = {

Background: An Indian origin, Celosia argentea is a weed growing during rainy season traditionally claimed for treating several ailments. Early researches on C. argentea were focused on the anti-cancer screening of seeds, with few reports on aerial parts. Objective: To isolate and characterize bioactive compounds of aerial parts of C. argentea and evaluate their anticancer potential. Materials and Methods: The methanolic aerial part extract was fractionated on column chromatography using chloroform: methanol mixture. The fractions; 80:20 and 95:5 were purified on MCI-HP20 HPLC column. Chromatographically pure compounds were pooled, concentrated and characterized spectroscopically. The compounds were further screened for antioxidant and cytotoxic potential. Results: Isolated compounds were confirmed as: (1) Luteolin-7-O-glucoside and (2) phenolic, 1-(4-hydroxy- 2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-dione. Both exhibited significant antioxidant potential with IC50 values of 20.80 and 21.30 μg/ml for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay (***P \< 0.001) and significant Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) values for 2,2{\textquoteright}-azino-bis(3- ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (*P \< 0.05) and ferric reducing antioxidant potential assay (****P \< 0.0001). In 3(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide assay, Compound 1 and 2 showed potent cytotoxicity against SiHa, HCT, MCF-7 cancer cell lines at 20 μg/ml (****P \< 0.0001) and 18 μg/ml (**P \< 0.01), respectively, without affecting the normal Vero cells. Both compounds enabled maximum reduction in cell viability at 50 μg/ml against HT-29 (***P \< 0.001) and MCF-7 cell lines (**P \< 0.01) in try pan blue viability assay. Apoptosis occurred at concentrations of 47.33 {\textpm} 0.8 μg/ml and 56.28 {\textpm} 1.2 μg/ml for Compound 1 and 35.15 {\textpm} 0.4 μg/ml and 28.05 {\textpm} 0.3 μg/ml for Compound 2 for HT-29 and MCF-7 respectively. Conclusion: A novel anticancer phenolic compound; (1-(4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzofuran-5-yl)-3-phenylpropane- 1,3-dione), isolated from aerial parts of C. argentea was a valuable finding of the research.

}, keywords = {2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazylDPPH, 3(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2- yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazoliumbromideMTT, anti-oxidant, anticancer, Celosia argentea}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.172659}, author = {Rukhsana A. Rub and Manohar J. Pati and Areej A. Siddiqui and Alpana S. Moghe and Nasreen N. Shaikh} } @article {861, title = {Anti-leukemia Activity of Methanolic Extracts of Lantana camara}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {1}, year = {2009}, month = {January 2010 }, pages = {274-279}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {274}, abstract = {

Anticancer effect of Lantana camara{\textquoteright}s root and leaf extracts against Jurkat leukemia cell line was investigated by MTT assay. These extracts had statistically similar antineoplastic property (root IC50, 328.36 {\textpm} 53.08 μg/ml; leaf, 394.41 {\textpm} 99.73 μg/ml; p \> 0.1, n = 3), averagely 1/10 times as activity as carboplatin (IC50 34.83 {\textpm} 3.60 μg/ml; p \< 0.05, n = 3). Decreasing cytotoxicity at higher concentrations implied the existence of cytoprotective compounds. Morphological examinations indicated apoptosis induction as the mechanism of activity on Jurkat cells. In conclusion, L. camara{\textquoteright}s root and leaf extracts might be subjects for further fractionation and identification to find new anticancer agents.

}, keywords = {anticancer, Cell Culture, Jurkat Cell Line, Lantana camara, MTT assay}, doi = {Nil}, author = {Badakhshan Mahdi Pour and Sreenivasan Sasidharan and Rameshwar Naidu Jegathambigai and Ramanathan Surash} }