@article {433, title = {Oral Intake of Polyphenols of Chromolaena odorata: A Perspective in Peptic Ulcer, Thrombocytopenia, and Heparin-induced Bleeding Diathesis in Rodent Model}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {October 2018}, pages = {426-431}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {426}, abstract = {

Objective: Bleeding disorder is of two types: external bleeding due to trauma, surgery, and internal bleeding which happens mainly due to ulcers and thrombocytopenia or use of excessive anticoagulants. Proven hemostatic activity of Chromolaena odorata (L) in bleeding and wound healing had encouraged to evaluate the efficacy of aqueous extract and spray-dried powder (SDP) on ulcers, thrombocytopenia, and heparin-induced bleeding diathesis. Materials and Methods: Internal bleeding in the form of lesions in empty stomach was induced by absolute ethanol. Busulfan is administered through intraperitoneal injection to produce thrombocytopenia in Wistar rats and heparin at 1000 IU/ml was injected intravenous to mice, and after 30 min, tail was truncated to qualitatively and quantitatively differentiate the bleeding diathesis in treated versus nontreated controls. Results: A significant reduction in the lesions was observed in treated rats as compared to disease control rats which was evident from ulcer index and histopathology data. Considerable protection and production of platelets were observed in the thrombocytopenia model which was drastically reduced in the Busulfan administered disease control. Both aqueous extract and SDP were successful in preventing blood loss in heparin-induced tail-bleeding model. Conclusion: The presence of polyphenols attributes to the crucial role of C. odorata in arresting internal bleeding from stomach ulcer, protecting the thrombocytes from destroying, and minimizing the bleeding diathesis in mice.

}, keywords = {Chromolaena odorata, Gastric ulcer, Heparin, Tail-bleeding assay, Thrombocytopenia}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_107_18}, author = {Tania S. Paul and Biswadeep B. Das and Shakti P. Ingale and Niruta Killedar and Kishori G. Apte} } @article {765, title = {Antiulcer Activity of Aqueous extract of Fruits of Momordica Cymbalaria Hook f. in Wistar Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {March 2010}, pages = {58-61}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {58}, abstract = {

Gastric ulcer is one of the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorders, which affects approximately 5\%-10\% of people during their life. The ulcer is an open sore that develops on the inside lining of the stomach (a gastric ulcer) or the small intestine (a duodenal ulcer). Both types of ulcers are also referred to as peptic ulcer disease. The present study was carried out to investigate antiulcer activity of aqueous extract of fruits of Momordica cymbalaria Hook f. Initially the aqueous extract of M. cymbalaria was subjected to acute oral toxicity study according to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) guidelines, based on which, 500 mg/kg dose of aqueous extract was selected for the study. The animals were pretreated before inducing ulcer. For inducing ulcer in the rats, 80\% ethanol was used. Various parameters such as area of gastric lesion, nonprotein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) concentration, gastric wall mucus concentration, total acidity and volume of gastric content; and histopathological parameters like hemorrhage, edema, erosion, ulceration were studied in the control group and pretreated groups with aqueous extract of fruits of Momordica cymbalaria (500 mg/kg) and standard drug lanzoprazole (30 mg/kg). Pretreatment with aqueous extract of M. cymbalaria fruits showed significant ( P \< 0.05) decrease in the total acidity and ulcer index. Improvements in all histopathological parameters were noticed in the M. cymbalaria-treated group. It also showed significant decrease in gastric lesion and NP-SH and gastric wall mucus concentrations in the M. cymbalaria-treated group. Overall the aqueous extract of M. cymbalaria fruits was shown to possess significant ( P \< 0.05) antiulcer property in rats. The polyphenols like quercetin reported from the plant may attribute to the antiulcer property of the extract.

}, keywords = {Antiulcer activity, Aqueous extract, Gastric ulcer, Momordica cymbalaria, Momordica tuberosa}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.60575}, author = {P Bharathi Dhasan and M Jegadeesan and S Kavimani} }