@article {1272, title = {Assessing the Antiurolithiatic Potentials of Calamus floribundus Griff. An in vitro and in vivo Approaches}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {June 2024}, pages = {604-615}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {604}, abstract = {

Background: Urolithiasis, which is acquiring clinical relevance, is one of the most prevalent diseases seen in urology clinics. The most often reported uroliths in humans are oxalate, struvite, urate, brushite and cystine. The globally rising occurrence and severity of urolithiasis has made it an issue of demanding medical attention. Medicinal herbs and natural substances have been shown to be useful in the treatment and management of urolithiasis across various recent investigations. Calamus floribundus Griff. belongs to the Aracaceae family and its urolithiatic potential has yet to be established. Objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate the antiurolithiatic potential of methanolic extract Calamus floribundus Griff. utilizing in vitro and in vivo methods. Materials and Methods: Nucleation assay and aggregation assay was done to evaluate the in vitro antiurolithiatic activity. In the in vivo studies ethylene glycol induced and glycolic acid induced model were used. MTT assay was done to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of the methanolic extract of Calamus floribundus Griff. Results: The IC50 value of the extract was found to be 767.394{\textpm}0.22 μg/mL and 759.435{\textpm}0.29 μg/mL in the nucleation and aggregation assay respectively. In the in vivo study all the biochemical parameters were normalised in dose dependent manner. Methanolic extract exhibited cytotoxic effect on NRK-52E cell lines with a IC50 value of 11.1 μg/mL. Conclusion: The obtained results indicates for the antiurolithiatic potential of Calamus floribundus Griff.

}, keywords = {Calamus floribundus Griff, Kidney stone, Nephrolithiasis, Urolithiasis}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.3.72}, author = {Kangkan Deka and Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti and Ngurzampuii Sailo and Zonunmawii and Dev Jyoti Kalita and Rajashri Bezbaruah} } @article {77, title = {Antilithogenic Potential of Green Tea, Oolong Tea, and Black Tea}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {February 2020}, pages = {92-94}, type = {Short Communication}, chapter = {92}, abstract = {

Background: Urolithiasis and nephrolithiasis are the commonly occurring painful diseases in most parts of the world. The number of new cases associated with lithiasis is on rise, although various therapies such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy, lithotripsy, and other surgical procedures can remove the stones, high recurrence rate is a major problem. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antilithogenic potential of green tea, oolong tea, and black tea employing chemical model. Materials and Methods: The antilithogenic action of different teas on calcium oxalate crystal formation was investigated on artificial urine spectroscopically, and the modulation of crystal size and density was recorded microscopically. Results: The different tea types showed significant inhibitory action on nucleation and crystal size morphology and density. The optical and spectroscopic techniques demonstrated that standard drug cystone exhibited highest inhibition followed by green tea, oolong tea, and black tea. Conclusion: Green tea illustrated maximum antilithogenic property as compared to other tea types and can be used as a potential dietary agent for the prevention of lithiasis.

}, keywords = {Antilithogenic, Black tea, Cystone, Green tea, Nephrolithiasis, Oolong tea, Urolithiasis}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_67_19}, author = {Shaikh I Nasrul and Amit Sehgal} } @article {565, title = {Ammi Visnaga in treatment of urolithiasis and hypertriglyceridemia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {October 2015}, pages = {397-400}, type = {Short Communication}, chapter = {397}, abstract = {

Ammi visnaga is a widely distributed Ancient Egyptian medicinal plant used for treatment of several diseases including urolithiasis (kidney stones). The active chemical constituents{\textquoteright} khellin and visnagin obtained from the A. visnaga seeds have activity of antilithiogenic and pleiotropic. However, little is known about its activity on hypertriglyceridemia. The main aim of this review is to explore the use of A. visnaga in urolithiasis and to present a case of relevancy. We highlighted a case of a patient who has recurrent urethral stones and hypertriglyceridemia. The patient was treated with A. visnaga seeds, has recovered completely from ureteral stones and his high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol low levels retained to normal after using of A. visnaga seeds for 10 days. The present case of A. visnaga seeds being local medicinal plant has shown the effect in treating urolithiasis with extended effect on raising HDL-cholesterol. These results may provide insights for in vitro studies for isolation of these biologically active compounds for potential in raising HDL-cholesterol. Whether or not the later effect can have clinical utility remains to be explored.

}, keywords = {Ammi visnaga, High-density lipoprotein, Khellin, Ureteral stones, Urolithiasis, Visnagin.}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.167894}, author = {Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula and Ahed Jumah Mahmoud Al-Khatib and Asim Ahmed Elnour and Naama M. S. Al Kalbani and Abdulla Shehab} } @article {962, title = {Inhibitory Effect of Rutin and Curcumin on Experimentally-induced Calcium Oxalate Urolithiasis in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {January 2011}, pages = {388-392}, type = {Short Communication}, chapter = {388}, abstract = {

Background: Renal epithelial cell injury by reactive oxygen species is pre-requisite step in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis. Rutin and curcumin are polyphenolic compounds known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, but their effect on urolithiasis is yet to be elucidated. In the present study, we have investigated the inhibitory effect of rutin and curcumin on calcium oxalate urolithiasis in Wistar albino rats. Methods: Calcium oxalate urolithiasis was induced experimentally by administration of 0.75\% v/v ethylene glycol with 1\% w/v ammonium chloride in drinking water for three days followed by only 0.75\% v/v ethylene glycol for 25 days. Rutin (20 mg/kg body weight) and curcumin (60 mg/kg body weight) were given once daily for 28 days by oral route. After treatment period, calcium and oxalate levels in urine and kidney tissue homogenate were measured. Kidney was also used for histopathological examination. Results: Stone-induction with ethylene glycol and ammonium chloride resulted in elevated levels of calcium and oxalate in the urine and kidney sample, whereas supplementation of rutin and curcumin restored it near to normal. Histopathological study revealed minimum tissue damage and less number of calcium oxalate deposits in kidney of animal treated with rutin and curcumin as compared to calculi-induced animal. Conclusion: The data suggest that the rutin and curcumin inhibits calcium oxalate urolithiasis. This effect is mediated possibly through a lowering of urinary concentration of stone forming constituents, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.

}, keywords = {Calcium oxalate, Curcumin, Ethylene glycol, Rutin, Urolithiasis}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.75462}, author = {Jaydip Ghodasara and Anil Pawar and Chinmay Deshmukh and Bhanudas Kuchekar} }