@article {393, title = {Analysis of L-citrulline and L-arginine in Ficus deltoidea leaf extracts by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {December 2014}, pages = {32-37}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {32}, abstract = {

Background:\ Ficus deltoidea (FD) is one of the native plants widely distributed in several countries in Southeast Asia. Previous studies have shown that FD leaf possess antinociceptive, wound healing and antioxidant properties. These beneficial effects have been attributed to the presence of primary and secondary metabolites such as polyphenols, amino acids and flavonoids. Objective: The aim was to develop a reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography method with ultraviolet detection that involves precolumn derivatisation with O-phthaladehyde for simultaneous analysis of two amino acids L-citrulline and L-arginine in FD leaf extracts. Materials and Methods: An isocratic elution program consisting of methanol: acetonitrile: Water at 45:45:10 v/v (solvent A) and 0.1 M phosphate buffer pH 7.5 (solvent B) at A: B v/v ratio of 80:20 on Zorbax Eclipse C18 SB-Aq column (250 {\texttimes} 4.6 mm, 5 {\textmu}m) were used. The flow rate was set at 1 ml/min and detection was carried out at 338 nm with 30 min separation time. Results: Good linearity for L-citrulline and L-arginine was obtained in the range 0.1-1000 {\textmu}g/ml at R2 >= 0.998. The limit of detection and limit of quantification values for both L-citrulline and L-arginine were 1 and 5 {\textmu}g/ml, respectively. The average of recoveries was in the range 94.94-101.95\%, with relative standard deviation (\%RSD) less than 3\%. Intra- and inter-day precision was in the range 96.36-102.43\% with RSD less than 2\%. Conclusion: All validation parameters of the developed method indicate the method is reliable and efficient for simultaneous determination of L-citrulline and L-arginine for routine analysis of FD.

}, keywords = {Ficus deltoidea, L-arginine, L-citrulline, Reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography.}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.147196}, author = {Armaghan Shafaei and Abdalrahim F. A. Aisha and Mohammad Jamshed Ahmad Siddiqui and Zhari Ismail} } @article {827, title = {Evaluation of extracts of leaf of three Ficus deltoidea varieties for antioxidant activities and secondary metabolites}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {1}, year = {2009}, month = {January 2010 }, pages = {216-223}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {216}, abstract = {

Present study aimed to investigate alcoholic and aqueous extracts of three varieties of Ficus deltoidea for antioxidant activity using in vitro models such as free radical scavenging activity, reduction power of iron (III), superoxide anion (O2-) scavenging, xanthine oxidase (XOD), nitric oxide (NO{\textperiodcentered}) and lipid peroxidation. The total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins were estimated using colorimetry in order to investigate their correlation with antioxidant activities. Alcoholic and aqueous extracts of different varieties of the plant exhibited different radical scavenging activities in different models (P\<0.05). Both the types of extracts displayed high antioxidant activity in DPPH and superoxide anion scavenging models, and the activity was comparable to quercetin, rutin, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), ascorbic acid and allopurinol. A correlation was observed between antioxidant activity and content of total polyphenols, flavonoids and tannins. The results of this study indicate that the extracts of Ficus deltoidea possess promising antioxidant activity.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Ficus deltoidea, Flavonoids, Polyphenols, Tannins}, doi = {Nil}, author = {Abdullah Zunoliza and Hussain Khalid and Ismail Zhari and Mat Ali Rasadah and Pisar Mazura and Jamaludin Fadzureena and Sahdan Rohana} }