@article {77, title = {Antilithogenic Potential of Green Tea, Oolong Tea, and Black Tea}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {February 2020}, pages = {92-94}, type = {Short Communication}, chapter = {92}, abstract = {

Background: Urolithiasis and nephrolithiasis are the commonly occurring painful diseases in most parts of the world. The number of new cases associated with lithiasis is on rise, although various therapies such as percutaneous nephrolithotomy, lithotripsy, and other surgical procedures can remove the stones, high recurrence rate is a major problem. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the antilithogenic potential of green tea, oolong tea, and black tea employing chemical model. Materials and Methods: The antilithogenic action of different teas on calcium oxalate crystal formation was investigated on artificial urine spectroscopically, and the modulation of crystal size and density was recorded microscopically. Results: The different tea types showed significant inhibitory action on nucleation and crystal size morphology and density. The optical and spectroscopic techniques demonstrated that standard drug cystone exhibited highest inhibition followed by green tea, oolong tea, and black tea. Conclusion: Green tea illustrated maximum antilithogenic property as compared to other tea types and can be used as a potential dietary agent for the prevention of lithiasis.

}, keywords = {Antilithogenic, Black tea, Cystone, Green tea, Nephrolithiasis, Oolong tea, Urolithiasis}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_67_19}, author = {Shaikh I Nasrul and Amit Sehgal} } @article {286, title = {Antiurolithic and Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol Extract of Whole-plant Biophytum sensitivum (Linn.) DC in Ethylene-Glycol-induced Urolithiasis in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {April 2018}, pages = {181-187}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {181}, abstract = {

Background: Biophytum sensitivum Linn. DC is considered as one of the ten sacred plants called as {\textquotedblleft}Dasapushpam{\textquotedblright} of Kerala state in India. Grounded leaves of this plant have been used conventionally as antiurolithic and diuretic. {\textquoteleft}However, enough scientific evidences were not available about the effect of this plant as nephroprotective and antiurolithic. Objective: The present study was undertaken to investigate antiurolithic and antioxidant activity of ethanol extract of whole plant B. sensitivum Linn. DC (EEBS) on ethylene-glycol (EG)-induced urolithiasis in Wistar albino rats. Materials and Methods: EG 0.75\% v/v in drinking water was fed to all groups, except the control group for 28 days to induce urolithiasis in rats. Groups I, II, and III served as control, toxic control, and standard Cystone groups, respectively. Animals in Group IV were administered with EEBS from 15th day to 28th day, while Group V animals were administered with EEBS from 1st day to 28th day. Several renal functional and injury markers in urine and serum were determined. Antioxidant enzyme activities were also recorded. Results: Co-administration with EEBS exhibited protective effect against EG-induced proteinuria, hypercalciuria, hypomagnesuria hypercalcemia, and hyperphosphatemia. Serum protein levels were significantly increased, whereas blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid levels were significantly lowered. EEBS-treated rats significantly attenuated the aberrations in the antioxidant enzyme activities, body weight, kidney weight, urine output, and urine pH compared to toxic control animals. Conclusion: Hence, this study confirmed the usefulness of B. sensitivum as an antiurolithic and antioxidant agent.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Antiurolithic, Biophytum sensitivum, Cystone, ethylene-glycol}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_83_17}, author = {B. R. Abhirama and R. ShanmugaSundaram} }