@article {1380, title = {Phyto-Analytical Studies and in vitro Wound Healing Activity of Synedrella nodiflora (L.) Gaertn Leaf Extract}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {April 2025}, pages = {519-531}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {519}, abstract = {

Background: Traditionally among the Nigerian population Synedrella nodiflora is prominently used for treating Putrefied Wound. Objectives: The present work was designed to evaluate the In vitro Wound healing activity of Synedrella nodiflora leaf extracts. Materials and Methods: The current research work was aimed to perform the Qualitative phytochemical screening, FTIR, ICP-OES, Quantitative estimation of total phenolic and flavonoid content and in vitro pharmacological assay includes Antioxidant assay, Protein denaturation assay, cell line scratch assay for wound healing of EAE and EEs of Synedrella nodiflora. Results: Secondary phytochemicals like Flavonoid, Alkaloid, Tannin, Phenols, Terpenoids and Steroids were reported. The ICP-OES analysis concluded that the presence of elements like Zn, Fe, Cu, Mg and heavy metals like Ni, Pb, Cr and Cd were within their limits as per WHO. The EAE and EE of Synedrella nodiflora were assessed for their total phenolic and flavonoid content. The Antioxidant activity of EAE and EE showed IC50 value 2.24{\textpm}0.02 mg/mL and 3.72{\textpm}0.02 mg/mL compared with standard Ascorbic Acid of 42.76{\textpm}0.01 μg/mL. The \% Inhibition of standard Diclofenac shows IC50 value 27.99{\textpm}0.026 μg/mL. whereas the IC50 values of EAE and EE were found to be 294.98{\textpm}0.02 μg/mL and 138.98{\textpm}0.05 μg/mL respectively. The relative cell migration of EAE and EE were 0.041{\textpm}0.05 mm and 0.036{\textpm}0.01 mm at 2mcg. Conclusion: These studies concluded that the Synedrella nodiflora leaf extracts were rich in various phytochemicals and can be used for treating wounds due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and wound healing potential.

}, keywords = {Flavonoid, Phenolics, Phytochemical screening, Synedrella nodiflora, Wound healing}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20251916}, author = {Joshna Koodathil and Lathika Ramadass and Sindhu Jayachandran and Jaganath Sekar} } @article {1324, title = {Evaluation of Wound Healing Activity of Polyherbal Gel Containing Azadirachta indica, A. Juss. and Tridax procumbens L. Extracts}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {968-976}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {968}, abstract = {

Background: Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and Tridax procumbens L. have been utilized for wound management and therapy since ancient times and offer huge potential. Objectives: To formulate polyherbal gel containing Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and Tridax procumbens L. and to evaluate it further in wound management. Materials and Methods: In this study, three polyherbal formulations of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and Tridax procumbens L. with varied proportions of both plants were formulated and appearance, nature, grittiness, phase separation, pH, viscosity and extrudability of all prepared formulations were compared with control, standard (Betadine 5\%) and individual formulations of these plants. Excision wound model was used to study wound healing action of prepared formulation. Results: Formulation with Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and Tridax procumbence L. extracts in equal proportion showed the best results in formulation parameters. The rate of wound contraction, tensile strength, epithelialization rate, and hydroxyproline content of the wound were used to determine the rate of wound healing. According to the results, there was an increase in wound contraction as well as an increase in wound strength for this formulation. Correlations between hydroxyproline expression and healing patterns were also found in histopathology, it was observed that the wounds treated with an equal proportion of plant extract and betadine minimized scar formation and improved fibroblast proliferation, angiogenesis, keratinization, and epithelialization. Conclusion: As per the different physical, histological, and biochemical parameters, hydroalcoholic extract of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and Tridax procumbens L. in equal proportions showed good wound healing activity.

}, keywords = {Azadirachta Indica A. Juss., in vivo evaluation of formulation, Polyherbal Gel Formulation, Tridax procumbens L., Wound healing}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.4.110}, author = {Suraj Bhivasan Satpute and Aishwarya Ramchandra Balap} } @article {1062, title = {Studies on Wound Healing Potential of Polyherbal Formulation using in vitro and in vivo Assays in Swiss Albino Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {July 2022}, pages = {263-268}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {263}, abstract = {

Background and Aim: Individual herbs, according to Ayurveda, are insufficient to provide the intended medicinal effect. When it is adjusted as a multiple herb composition in a certain ratio, it provides a greater medicinal impact with less toxicity. This investigation is an attempt to evaluate wound healing activity of poly herbal formulation along with in-vitro and in-vivo pharmacological activity on Swiss albino rats. Experimental Procedure: Full skin defects were made in the dorsal region of rats in order to examine wound healing. The activity of the polyherbal formulation was carried out by in-vitro (hydroxyproline, collagen and hexosamine) and in-vivo (excision and burn) assays along with histopathological study. Silver sulfadiazine was used as standard drug for the experimental work of this project while ketamine hydrochloride (20mg/kg intramuscular) was used as anesthize agent. The use of 2 μg/ml and 4 μg/ml formulations resulted in substantial mobilization of keratinocytes and fibroblasts at the injury site, respectively. In case of in vitro activity, effect of polyherbal formulation on biochemical measures such as hydroxyproline, collagen and hexosamine turnover were enhanced compared with untreated group. Results: Polyherbal formulation containing herbal extract was applied on wound area on day 0, 3rd, 6th, and 9th and was found to be more significant. Burn wound area on last day was observed 26.30 {\textpm} 0.5 while surgically produced wound area was 13.666{\textpm} 0.8. Conclusion: Finally, on the basis of above results, we can conclude that polyherbal formulation may be a breakthrough for the treatment of wound healing in future.

}, keywords = {Burn wound, Epithelization, Excised wound, Hexosamine, Scar formation, Wound healing}, doi = {10.5530/pres.14.3.38}, author = {Vikas Jogpal and Tinku and Mohit Sanduja and Ved Prakash} } @article {346, title = {Zingiber zerumbet Rhizomes Extract Exhibits Faster Open Wound Healing in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {October 2018}, pages = {354-360}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {354}, abstract = {

Background: Zingiber zerumbet rhizome ethyl acetate extract (ZZRE) has the potential to be developed as a wound-healing agent with its profound anti-inflammatory property. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the wound healing effects of 5\% ZZRE on open wound in rats. Materials and Methods: Wistar rats (n = 90) were divided into three groups, negative control (treated with PBS), positive control (treated with solcoseryl gel), and 5\% ethyl acetate extract of Z. zerumbet, respectively. Wounds were induced on the rat{\textquoteright}s dorsal surface on day 0. Measurements of wound closure, total protein, uronic acid, hexosamine, cathepsin B, hydroxyproline, and histological observations were conducted on the wound tissues. Results: ZZRE-treated group showed increment in wound closure, protein, and hydroxyproline level. The uronic acid and hexosamine levels of ZZRE-treated wounds significantly increased on the 3rd day (P \< 0.05). Histological observations demonstrated formation of granulation tissue was faster and denser in ZZRE-treated group. Conclusion: ZZRE enhances open wound healing in rats and has potential to be developed as a healing agent in the future.

}, keywords = {Anti-inflammatory, Extract, Proteins, Rhizomes, Wound healing, Zingiber zerumbet}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_14_18}, author = {Asmah Hamid and Chong Pek Lian and Nur Hafiza Salleh Hudin and Ahmad Rohi Ghazali and Nurul Farhana Jufri} } @article {770, title = {Wound Healing Properties and Kill Kinetics of Clerodendron splendens G. Don, a Ghanaian Wound Healing Plant}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {May 2010}, pages = {63-68}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {63}, abstract = {

As part of our general objective of investigating indigenous plants used in wound healing in Ghana, we hereby report our findings from some in vitro and in vivo studies related to wound healing activities of Clerodendron splendens G. Don (Verbanaceae). Methanolic extract of the aerial parts of the plant was tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Micrococcus flavus, as well as resistant strains of Staph. aureus SA1199B, RN4220 and XU212), Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteous mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae) and Candida albicans using the micro-well dilution method. Survivor-time studies of the microorganisms, radical scavenging activity using 2,2{\textquoteright}-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and various in vivo wound healing activity studies were also conducted on the extract. The extract exhibited biostatic action against all the test microorganisms with a Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) ranging between 64 and 512 μg/ml and a free radical scavenging property with an IC 50 value of 103.2 μg/ml. The results of the in vivo wound healing tests showed that upon application of C. splendens ointment, there was a reduction in the epithelization period from 26.7 days (control) to 13.6 days along with a marked decrease in the scar area from 54.2 mm 2 (control) to 25.2 mm 2 . Significant increase in the tensile strength and hydroxyproline content were also observed as compared to the control and was comparable to nitrofurazone. The above results appear to justify the traditional use of C. splendens in wound healing and treatment of skin infections in Ghana.

}, keywords = {Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Biostatic, Clerodendron splendens, Wound healing}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.62948}, author = {Stephen Y Gbedema and Kisseih Emelia and Adu Francis and Annan Kofi and Woode Eric} }