@article {208, title = {Natural Gastroprotective Remedy from the Branches of Spondias tuberosa Arruda}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {January 2021}, pages = {455-459}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {455}, abstract = {

Background: Gastric ulcers are a worldwide health problem and their poor healing is one of the most important causes for their recurrence. Several species of Spondias are used in traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, infections, and inflammation, among other conditions. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties in vitro and gastroprotective effect in mice of the methanolic extract of branches of Spondias tuberosa (MEB). MEB was screened for antioxidant activities using different methods. Materials and Methods: Measurements of total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins were also evaluated. The profile of phenolic compounds of extract was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). MEB was investigated for acute and chronic toxicity and gastroprotective effects against ethanol-induced lesions in Swiss mice. Results: The extract showed antioxidant activity in vitro and high content of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and tannins. The HPLC results identified the presence of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and t-ferulic acid. The MEB showed no acute and chronic toxicity and in doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, v. o., reduced the area of ulcerative lesions induced by ethanol in 73.74, 72.02, and 72.40{\textquoteright}, respectively. Conclusion: The oral treatment with the extract of S. tuberosa branches (MEB) showed gastroprotective and antioxidant activities.

}, keywords = {Antioxidants, Gastroprotective, Medicinal plants, Spondias tuberosa, Umbu}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_43_20}, author = {Amanda Dias de Araujo and George Souza Feitoza and Fernanda Granja da Silva Oliveira and Bruno Oliveira de Veras and Francinete Francis Lacerda and Nic{\'a}cio Henrique da Silva and Wolfgang Harand and Silvania T Paz and M{\'a}rio Ribeiro de Melo-J{\'u}nior and Jackson Roberto Guedes} } @article {516, title = {Influence of the Extractive Method on the Recovery of Phenolic Compounds in Different Parts of Hymenaea martiana Hayne}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {August 2016}, pages = {270-275}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {270}, abstract = {

Background: Popularly known as {\textquotedblleft}jatob{\'a},{\textquotedblright} Hymenaea martiana Hayne is a medicinal plant widely used in the Brazilian Northeast for the treatment of various diseases. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different extractive methods in the production of phenolic compounds from different parts of H. martiana. Materials and Methods: The leaves, bark, fruits, and seeds were dried, pulverized, and submitted to maceration, ultrasound, and percolation extractive methods, which were evaluated for yield, visual aspects, qualitative phytochemical screening, phenolic compound content, and total flavonoids. Results: The highest results of yield were obtained from the maceration of the leaves, which may be related to the contact time between the plant drug and solvent. The visual aspects of the extracts presented some differences between the extractive methods. The phytochemical screening showed consistent data with other studies of the genus. Both the vegetal part as the different extractive methods influenced significantly the levels of phenolic compounds, and the highest content was found in the maceration of the barks, even more than the content found previously. No differences between the levels of total flavonoids were significant. The highest concentration of total flavonoids was found in the ultrasound of the barks, followed by maceration on this drug. According to the results, the barks of H. martiana presented the highest total flavonoid contents. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that both the vegetable and the different extractive methods influenced significantly various parameters obtained in the various extracts, demonstrating the importance of systematic comparative studies for the development of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics.

}, keywords = {Extractive methods, Hymenaea martiana, Phenolic compounds}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.188885}, author = {Fernanda Granja da Silva Oliveira and Sarah Raquel Gomes de Lima-Saraiva and Ana Paula Oliveira and Suzana Vieira Rab{\^e}lo and Larissa Ara{\'u}jo Rolim and Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida} }