@article {1360, title = {Esculetin Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles (ESC-CNPs) Ameliorates 7, 12 Dimethylbenz [a] Anthracene (DMBA) Induced Breast Cancer in Rat Model}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {January 2025}, pages = {207-220}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {207}, abstract = {

Aim: This study aimed to explore the chemopreventive potential of Esculetin-loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles (ESC-CNPs) against mammary carcinogenesis induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]Anthracene (DMBA) in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Materials and Methods: DMBA, administered subcutaneously at a dose of 25 mg/rat near the mammary gland, triggered the formation of breast tumors. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were induced with mammary tumors via a single subcutaneous injection of DMBA. The treatment groups received ESC-CNPs orally at dosages of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight (bw). Biochemical parameters, including lipid peroxidation (TBARS and LOOH), antioxidant status (SOD, CAT, GPX and GSH), phase I (CYP450, Cyt-b5) and phase II (GST, GR) enzymes and lipid profiles (TC, TG, PL, FFA), were evaluated in plasma and breast tissues. Additionally, the expression of VEGF, NF-kB and Cyclin D1 was analyzed through histopathology and western blotting. Results: DMBA-induced rats exhibited decreased body weight, increased tumor volume and incidence, elevated lipid peroxidation, reduced antioxidant status, altered liver and mammary tissue enzyme levels and disrupted lipid profiles. ESC-CNPs treatment, particularly at 100 mg/kg bw, significantly reduced tumor occurrence, normalized biochemical markers and downregulated VEGF, NF-kB and Cyclin D1 expression in mammary tissues. Conclusion: ESC-CNPs, at a dose of 100 mg/kg bw, demonstrated a potent chemopreventive effect against DMBA-induced mammary cancer, as evidenced by biochemical, histopathological and molecular findings.

}, keywords = {Antioxidants, Breast cancer, Chitosan Nanoparticles, DMBA, Esculetin}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20251996}, author = {Siva Sankari Thirugnanam and Subashini Ragunathan and Monisha Prasad} } @article {1463, title = {In vitro and Computational Studies of Compounds from Coleus amboinicus against Osteosarcoma}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {June 2025}, pages = {997-1004}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {997}, abstract = {

Background: Osteosarcoma (OS) is among the most prevalent primary bone cancers, predominantly affecting children and adolescents. The average prevalent rate of osteosarcoma is 4.3 per million in males and 3.4 per million in females. Osteosarcoma poses diagnostic challenges due to the often-subtle clinical manifestations. Objectives: To investigate bioactive compounds in Coleus amboinicus Leaves (CAL) using computational methods and predict, their potential interactions with osteosarcoma cell surface receptors to explore therapeutic possibilities. Materials and Methods: The extract obtained from CAL was analyzed using a phytochemical assay, Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GCMS). Molecular docking studies were conducted using Autodock to assess the interactions between the components of the extract and the cell surface receptors of osteosarcoma. The molecular docking experiments assessed the affinity of the phytochemicals to particular proteins that have a significant impact on the cell surface receptors of osteosarcoma. The pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drugs were assessed by examining their ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) profiles. Results: The computer study identified multiple phytochemicals derived from CAL with substantial binding affinity to the proteins of osteosarcoma cell surface receptors. These substances include beta-D-Glucopyranose, 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl, Hexanoic acid, 1-methylethyl ester, and Paromomycin. The ADMET analysis revealed that most of the discovered drugs possess favorable pharmacokinetic features and are anticipated to have low toxicity. Conclusion: Molecular docking revealed bioactive compounds with strong binding affinity to these receptors, indicating their potential inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation. Further research is required to provide comprehensive validation and clinical development.

}, keywords = {Bioactive compounds, GCMS, Molecular docking, Osteosarcoma, Phytochemical test, Plant extract}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252178}, author = {Archana Behera and Raeesha Rahman and Benjamin Vinodh Joshua and Iadalin Ryntathiang and Monisha Prasad and Mukesh Kumar Dharmalingam Jothinathan} }