@article {1312, title = {Determination of Dried Root Extract of Rheum emodi and its Commercial Products Using Rhein and Chrysophanol as Standard Markers by HPTLC Densitometric Analysis}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {861-871}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {861}, abstract = {

Background: Standardization and quality control of medicinal plants and their commercial products are one of the critical needs for ensuring their quality, safety and efficacy which assists in validation as well as regulation of herbal medicines and their herbal products. Rheum emodi, Himalayan rhubarb or Revand chini is a perennial, traditional Indian medicinal herb from family Polygonaceae, used as laxative, tonic, diuretic and to treat fever, cough, indigestion, menstrual disorder. Emodin, aloe-emodin, rhein and chrysophanol are the anthraquinones found in high concentration in this plant. Objectives: The present study aimed at qualitative and quantitative estimation of rhein and chrysophanol in the methanolic extract of Rheum emodi roots and its commercial products by HPTLC densitometric analysis which has not been reported in the literature so far. Materials and Methods: The separation and quantification of rhein and chrysophanol was performed on pre-coated Silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates using Toluene: Ethyl Acetate: Glacial Acetic Acid (6:3.5:0.5, v/v/v) as mobile phase. The quantification of rhein and chrysophanol was carried out at 254nm and 366nm using Camag TLC scanner III using Wincats1.2.3 software. Results: The developed method was linear, accurate, precise, robust and specific and was found to be more sensitive to chrysophanol than the reported method of Singh et al. The proposed method was linear from 100 to 2000 ng. The limit of detection and quantification were found to be 18.915{\textpm}0.754, 15.849{\textpm}0.839 ng/spot and 57.318{\textpm}1.162, 48.028{\textpm}1.007 ng/ spot for rhein and chrysophanol respectively. The content of rhein and chrysophanol was found to be 108.002{\textpm}0.323 and 67.143{\textpm}0.0884 μg/mg in Rheum emodi root extract, 26.829{\textpm}0.138, 1.652{\textpm}0.0031 μg/mg in marketed formulation 1 and 123.691{\textpm}0.758, 30.476{\textpm}0.0884 μg/mg in marketed formulation 2. Conclusion: The developed method can have great application for standardization of herbal formulations and commercial products containing R. emodi plant extract in the herbal industry.

}, keywords = {Anthraquinones, Chrysophanol, Densitometry, Herbal formulation, Rhein, Rheum emodi, Standardization}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.4.98}, author = {Rizwan Ahmad and Zeeshan Fatima and Sadath Ali and Suneela Dhaneshwar and Sayeed Ahmad} } @article {1275, title = {HPTLC Method Development and Validation for Simultaneous Quantification of Purpurin and Alizarin in Rubia cordifolia L. Roots and their Marketed Preparations}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {June 2024}, pages = {652-661}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {652}, abstract = {

Background: Rubia cordifolia L. a spiky perennial climber of Rubiaceae family, is a rich reservoir of anthraquinone containing compounds purpurin and alizarin. It emerges as a versatile powerhouse possessing diverse pharmacological properties which includes antibacterial, antitumor, antioxidant, antiplatelet, potent blood purifier, diuretic, anti-stress, neuroprotective, anti-mutagenic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antidiabetic and vasodilation. Thereby it offers a holistic approach for disease prevention through its pharmacological properties. Objectives: However due to lack of standardization for R. cordifolia roots and its derived marketed herbal products, its quality control remains a daunting task..The present study aims to develop a simple, novel, reliable and specific HPTLC method for quantifying purpurin and alizarin in R. cordifolia roots as well as in its marketed preparations. Materials and Methods: The separation and quantification of purpurin and alizarin has been carried out on HPTLC plates pre-coated with Silica gel 60 F254 as stationary phase and toluene, ethyl acetate, glacial acetic acid (6:3.5:0.5; v/v/v) as mobile phase. Determination and quantification were performed by densitometric scanning at 254 nm. Results: The developed method gave compact spots at Rf 0.57{\textpm}0.007 for purpurin and 0.73{\textpm}0.008 for alizarin. The method was validated as per International Council for Harmonization Q2(R1) guidelines for specificity, precision, robustness, accuracy and recovery. Linearity range for purpurin and alizarin was 100-2000 ng/spot, which showed good regression coefficient for purpurin and alizarin; R{\texttwosuperior}=0.9967 and R{\texttwosuperior}=0.9941 at 254 nm respectively. The LOD and LOQ for validated marker compounds purpurin and alizarin at 254 nm were found as 23.87{\textpm}0.52, 71.61{\textpm}0.84 ng/spot and 18.36{\textpm}0.72, 55.08{\textpm}0.26 ng/spot respectively. The content of purpurin and alizarin in R. cordifolia plant extract was found as 17.960{\textpm}0.658, 34.645{\textpm}1.153 μg/mg, marketed preparation A, contains 21.741{\textpm}0.746 and 6.824{\textpm}0.485 μg/mg while marketed preparation B, contains 18.289{\textpm}1.014 and 3.031{\textpm}0.234 μg/mg of the sample. Conclusion: The developed method was found to be simple, precise, accurate, economical and convenient for rapid screening of bioactive marker purpurin and alizarin present in methanolic extracts of R. cordifolia roots and its marketed preparations.

}, keywords = {Alizarin, Densitometry, HPTLC, Method validation, Purpurin, Rubia cordifolia L.}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.3.76}, author = {Rizwan Ahmad and Zeeshan Fatima and Sadath Ali and Suneela Dhaneshwar and Sayeed Ahmad} }