@article {1419, title = {Identification and Quantification of Four Bioactive Markers in Sanjivani Vati Using High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {April 2025}, pages = {619-626}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {619}, abstract = {

Background: Sanjivani Vati (SV) is an extensively used multicomponent Ayurvedic medicine, recommended for fever, indigestion, dysentery, gastroenteritis and more. The pharmaceutical standardization of SV and estimation of its tannin and embelin content have been reported in previous studies. However, the identification and quantification of other bioactive constituents namely, aconitine, gallic acid and β-asarone, etc. remain unaddressed. Also, concerns arise regarding one of its ingredients i.e. Vatsanabha (Aconite species), historically recognized as one of the most poisonous plants. It is used after meticulous processing specified in classical texts. Still, it is crucial to identify the amount of aconitine being delivered in the drug to ensure optimal therapeutic benefit while minimizing adverse reactions. In addition, another issue is that Vatsanabha is being sold as a mixture of various species in Indian markets. Previous research has highlighted significant qualitative and quantitative variations in the total alkaloid content among different species of Vatsanabha. Materials and Methods: The present communication deals with identifying and quantifying four bioactive markers viz. Gallic acid, Piperine, β-asarone and Aconitine in SV prepared with two species of Vatsanabha namely Aconitum nepellus L. (SV -1) and Aconitum balfourii Holmes ex Stapf (SV-2) using High-performance Thin Layer Chromatography. Results: Gallic acid, piperine and β-asarone were detected in both SV groups. However, aconitine was not detected in any of the samples. Identification was confirmed by matching the Rf and spectrum overlay. The selected solvent system yielded effective separation from the matrix with an \ value of 0.45{\textpm}0.01 for gallic acid, 0.27{\textpm}0.01 for piperine and 0.62{\textpm}0.01 for β-asarone. The amount of gallic acid was determined to be 1266 μg and 1395 μg in 100 mg of SV1 and SV2 respectively. Piperine was 35.70 μg and 49.95 μg per 100 mg of SV1 and SV2, respectively. β-asarone was 135.3 μg and 236.1 μg in SV1 and SV2 respectively. Conclusion: The concentration of all the detected biomarkers is higher in SV-2 than in SV-1. The presence of these marker compounds helps explain the probable mode of action of SV and offers simple, efficient methods for estimating these biomarkers.

}, keywords = {Aconitine, Ayurvedic medicine, Biomarkers, HPTLC, Sanjivani Vati, Vatsanabha}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252093}, author = {Shreshtha Kaushik and Nikhil Mehere and Mohit Upadhyay and Pramod Yadav and Pradeep Kumar Prajapati} } @article {1261, title = {Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Selected Seeds from Fabaceae Family}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {June 2024}, pages = {508-517}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {508}, abstract = {

Background: Indigenous medicines regularly suffer with quality controversies because of similar species or varieties, substituent, adulterants wrong identification and lack of availability of original herb. Objectives: In the search for authenticity of traditional medicine, seeds of four Fabaceae species, Abrus precatorius L., Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre, Trigonella foenum-graecum L. and Senna tora L. were investigated in order to obtain characteristic patterns and medicinal potentiality by the way of pharmacognostical analysis. Each drug posse{\textquoteright}s excellent potential in Ayurvedic medicinal system. Materials and Methods: The essential parameters studied up for the pharmacognosy of given seeds were macroscopical study, histochemical evaluation, including transverse section, powder microscopy and physicochemical parameters. Results: The organoleptic and macroscopic profiles of seeds revealed the common characters like smooth surface and bitter taste. From the microscopical evaluation, oil globule, starch grains and prismatic type of calcium oxalate crystals were also found in the seed of P. pinnata. In A. precatorius, starch grains and yellowish cell content are present, but these are completely absent in other Fabaceae members, only mucilage content and oil globules present in Trigonella foenum-graecum and anthraquinone pigment cells and rosette type calcium oxalate crystals present in Senna tora. Conclusion: The current study report on pharmacognostical analysis will provides important diagnostic tool for future identification, authentication and evidence in correct identification.

}, keywords = {Fabaceae species, Indigenous medicines, Pharmacognosy, Seed part}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.3.61}, author = {Renjini Haridas and Damini Sharma and Divyani Singh and Ankush Kumar and Monika Singh and Arun Kumar and Bhargav Bhide and Shivani Ghildiyal and Pramod Yadav and Meena Deogade and Tanuja Manoj Nesari} }