@article {1537, title = {Pharmacognostic Approach to the Green Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Copper Sulphide Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Catharanthus roseus Leaves}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {18}, year = {2026}, month = {November 2025}, pages = {1-14}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1}, abstract = {

Background: Our study focused on the green synthesis of copper (II) complexes using the leaf extract of Catharanthus roseus. The phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, and alkaloids, which are believed to function as natural reducing, stabilizing, and capping agents in the synthesis process. These copper complexes were intended for use in antimicrobial dusting powders for wound healing applications. Materials and Methods: Multiple techniques were used to analyze the biosynthesized copper (II) complexes, including X-ray Diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Results showed that the average size of the particles was 3.4 nm. Surface plasmon resonance peaks were identified at 312 and 330 nm for the biosynthesized copper complex and at 393 and 369 nm for the pure plant extract. The synthesized copper complex and plant extract were incorporated into a dusting powder formulation. Several physicochemical characteristics of the powder were studied, including particle size, surface area, bulk density, tapped density, angle of repose, Carr{\textquoteright}s index, Hausner{\textquoteright}s ratio, and volume. The well diffusion technique was used to investigate the antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Plates inoculated with bacterial cultures were incubated at 37{\textordmasculine}C for 48 hr. Results: The copper complex remained stable over a six-month period, showing no agglomeration. The copper-enriched dusting powder demonstrated significant antibacterial activity, producing notable zones of inhibition compared to the plant extract formulation. The formulation displayed high permeability, rapid subcutaneous penetration, enhanced microcirculation, and accelerated histolytic tissue regeneration. Conclusion: The green-synthesized copper (II) complex derived from Catharanthus roseus exhibits promising antibacterial properties and enhanced wound healing potential. The copper-enriched dusting powder outperformed the pure plant extract formulation in antimicrobial activity and formulation characteristics, indicating its potential application in managing chronic wounds and preventing infections in medical and surgical contexts.

}, keywords = {Antimicrobial activity., Copper complex, Dusting powder, Green synthesis, Spectroscopic characterization}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20262371}, author = {Richa Kothari and Manoj Kumar Bajhaiya and Shubham Anand and Priya Thakur and Kanchan Thakur and Umesh Kushwaha and Ashish Goswami and Devendra Dhanorya} } @article {1416, title = {A Comprehensive Review on Medicinal Herbal Plant with Potential Hypolipidemic Activity}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {April 2025}, pages = {489-506}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {489}, abstract = {

Hyperlipidaemia, characterized by elevated blood lipid levels, is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. While traditional pharmacological treatments are available, their effectiveness and potential side effects highlight the need to explore alternative approaches. Herbal plants have attracted attention due to their variety of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential. This review aims to provide an overview of the lipid-lowering effects of several herbal plants, discussing their mechanisms of action and available clinical evidence. Notable herbs such as garlic (Allium sativum), ginger (Zingiber officinale) and green tea (Camellia sinensis) have shown potential in reducing lipid levels by modulating enzymes involved in lipid metabolism, inhibiting cholesterol absorption and enhancing lipid excretion. The findings suggest that numerous phytochemicals may offer therapeutic benefits for managing hyperlipidaemia. In addition, an analysis of 83 compounds indicates that 60 adhere to Lipinski{\textquoteright}s Rule of Five and Veber{\textquoteright}s Rule, suggesting that these compounds possess optimal physicochemical properties, which could make them viable candidates for future treatments of hyperlipidaemia.

}, keywords = {Herbal drug, Herbal medicine, Hyperlipidaemia Activity, Lipid Herb Drug Interaction, Lipinski{\textquoteright}s Rule, Physicochemical properties, Veber{\textquoteright}s Rule}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252009}, author = {Devendra Dhanorya and Vikas Pnadey and Rajesh Shukla and Yuvraj Vishwakarma and Gourav Kumar Bairagi and Vandana Gupta and Pushpender Bardiya and Shivam Kumar Kori and Priyansh Patel and Nishant Kumar Bardiya and Shikha Bhalla and Shubham Anand} } @article {1413, title = {Unveiling the Phytochemical Profile and Therapeutic Benefits of Solanum xanthocarpum: A Systematic Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {April 2025}, pages = {440-451}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {440}, abstract = {

Solanum xanthocarpum, a significant medicinal plant in traditional systems of medicine, possesses a rich phytochemical profile that contributes to its diverse therapeutic applications. This review explores the bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and glycosides, which are responsible for the plant{\textquoteright}s pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antihyperglycemic activities. Recent studies have also highlighted its potential in treating respiratory disorders, liver dysfunction, and microbial infections. By consolidating traditional uses with modern pharmacological research, this paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of Solanum xanthocarpum, emphasizing its potential for future therapeutic developments.

}, keywords = {Anti-inflammatory effects, Anti-microbial activity, Antioxidant properties, Ethno-medicine of Solanum xanthocarpum, Phytochemical profile of Solanum xanthocarpum, Therapeutic benefits of Solanum xanthocarpum}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252059}, author = {Nem Kumar Jain and Shubham Anand and Priyanka Kesari and Rekha Rani and Santosh Kumar and Akanksha Tiwari and Moti Lal and Devendra Dhanorya and Aman Sharma and Sakshi Singh and Manoj Kumar Bajhaiya} } @article {1257, title = {A Comprehensive Review of Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Activity Profile of Achyranthes aspera}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {June 2024}, pages = {472-482}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {472}, abstract = {

For centuries, humans have harnessed the healing properties of plants to address diverse health conditions. Ancient systems like Ayurveda and Unani medicine hold a rich repository of knowledge extolling the virtues of herbal remedies. Achyranthes aspera, one prolific native herbaceous plant in the South America, Asia and Africa often prospers as one common weed. Its many applications in traditional medicine for treating various diseases are at the heart of this global research. Achyranthes aspera is diverse many chemical ingredients, including terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, saponins and flavonoids. This paper provides a thorough examination and elucidation of the phytochemical composition across different parts of Achyranthes aspera, delving into its traditional uses and expounding upon its pharmacological properties.

}, keywords = {Achyranthes aspera, Anti- microbial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, anti-oxidant, Antidiabetic activity}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.3.57}, author = {Nem Kumar Jain and Shubham Anand and Priyanka Keshri and Santosh Kumar and Akshay Singh Sengar and Manoj Kumar Bajhaiya and Devendra Dhanorya and Sapna Yadav and Hema Katra and Sajal Mishra} } @article {1219, title = {A Comprehensive Review of Therapeutical and Ethnobotanical Aspects, Phytoconstituent and Pharmacological Activity of Aesculus indica}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {April 2024}, pages = {203-210}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {203}, abstract = {

Aesculus indica Wall. Ex Camb. Hook, a member of the Hippocastanaceae family, exhibits robust growth in colder climates worldwide, showcasing its remarkable adaptability. Within its various components lie a diverse array of constituents, each harboring a treasury of advantageous compounds that have found utility across a spectrum of applications. These applications encompass the amelioration of gastrointestinal disturbances, facilitation of hemostasis, management of diabetes, and mitigation of various dermatological afflictions. Through a comprehensive synthesis of information gleaned from an array of authoritative sources including meticulous literature surveys, our study provides a thorough dissection. It traverses the multifaceted tapestry of this plant{\textquoteright}s applications, devlopes into its intricate chemical composition, and elucidates its nuanced effects on human health and well-being. This compendium stands as an invaluable reservoir, poised to aid and embolden scientists and researchers engaged in the exploration of natural products. Its content, meticulously aggregated and meticulously crafted, promises a resourceful springboard for their scholarly inquiries while assuring originality and authenticity in their pursuits.

}, keywords = {Aesculus indica, Anti-diabetic activite, Antimicrobial activity., Antioxidant, Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology activity, Phytochemistry}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.2.26}, author = {Shubham Anand and Arijit Chaudhuri and Neha Chopra and Devendra Dhanorya and Manoj Kumar Bajhaiya and Gujjala Sai Sri Harsha and Vijeta Bhattacharya and Udichi Kataria and Gaurav Kumar} } @article {1239, title = {A Comprehensive Study on Achyranthes aspera and Aesculus indica Hepatoprotective and Nephroprotective Activities of against Cisplatin Induced Rodent Model}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {April 2024}, pages = {315-323}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {315}, abstract = {

Aim: In our present research, we aimed to evaluate the protective effects of HF1, HF2, and HF3 against liver and kidney damage induced by Cisplatin in Sprague Dawley rats. The ethanol fraction of the plant underwent initial phytochemical analysis followed by subsequent in vivo screenings. The findings from the phytochemical investigation indicated that HF2 demonstrated a more potent hepatoprotective and renal protective activity. Background: Anti-cancer medications have the potential to inflict harm on the liver and kidneys, underscoring the crucial need for hepatoprotection in safeguarding liver function. Among the elderly population, liver and kidney impairment account for 10\% of chronic hepatitis and renal failure cases. The decline induced by anti-cancer drugs has not been thoroughly assessed, partly due to its underestimation in clinical practice and challenges in making a precise diagnosis. While chemotherapeutic agents can induce liver toxicity through various mechanisms and lead to different types of liver and kidney injuries, they share the common trait of being both hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic. Materials and Methods: The dried peels of Aesculus indica fruits and powdered leaves of Achyranthes aspera were subjected to Soxhlet extraction using 95\% ethanol. Rat will randomly into five groups (six rats per each group). cisplatin group will give a single injection of cisplatin (20 mg per Kg, i.p) on the first 1st, 7th, 14th, 21th and 28th days. Hepatic function was assessed by measuring blood bilirubin, Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transferase (SGOT), and Glutamate Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT). Blood tests were used to check the function of the liver and kidneys. Results: These results collectively suggest that HF1, HF2, and HF3 serve as a potential reservoir of novel secondary metabolites. Moreover, this study has laid the groundwork for future research in pharmacological studies, particularly in the development of potent biomedicine for the treatment of various chronic diseases. Conclusion: The current study has also proved the way for future pharmacological investigations, particularly with regard to all medications derived from the creation of powerful medicines for the management of various chronic conditions.

}, keywords = {Cisplatin, Hepatoprotective, Herbal formulation., nephroprotective}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.2.40}, author = {Arijit Chaudhuri and Udichi Kataria and Shubham Anand} }