@article {1121, title = {Pharmacological Evaluation of Different Extracts of Asparagus officinalis (Asparagaceae) as an Analgesic, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-arthritic Agent in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2022}, pages = {184-205}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {184}, abstract = {

Background: To treat the joint pain arial part of Asparagus officinalis (asparagus) has historically been used. However, its efficacy for rheumatoid arthritis has not been pharmaceutically evaluated. We explore the phytochemical analysis anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-arthritic activity of petroleum ether, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Asparagus officinalis aerial part. Materials and Methods: Tail- flick method was used to evaluate the analgesic activity anti-inflammatory activity was carried out using paw oedema induced with carrageenan and CFA induced arthritic model was used to evaluate the potential in anti- arthritic activity in rats. The Petroleum ether, ethanolic and aqueous extracts were dosed orally in three divided doses (75, 150 and 300 mg/ kg). For anti- inflammatory and analgesic activity diclofenac sodium at 10 mg/kg was used as standard, whereas in anti-arthritic model prednisolone at 5 mg/kg and methotrexate at 0.5 mg/ kg were used as standard. One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett{\textquoteright}s multiple range test were used to analyse statistical significance between means. Results: The results revealed a dosecontrolled anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic effect with different extracts whereas at some extent analgesic activity was observed. Four compounds were present and confirmed by LCMS/MS. The CFA model{\textquoteright}s findings showed improved defence against arthritic lesions and changes in body weight. Additionally, Asparagus officinalis significantly improved rheumatoid factor, changed WBCs, and favourably altered radiographic and histological alterations. Conclusion: The findings indicate that Asparagus officinalis is a strong anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory compound that may be suggested for the treatment of both chronic and acute inflammation.

}, keywords = {Carrageenan, Chemical constituents, LCMS/MS, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sparrow grass.}, doi = {10.5530/097484900333}, author = {Satish Kumar and Pratima Srivastava and Sumeet Gupta and Meenakshi Dhanawat and Sapna Rani and Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye and Rupesh K Gautam} } @article {1101, title = {Unravelling the Approaches to Treat Osteoarthritis: A Focus on the Potential of Medicinal Plants}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2022}, pages = {13-25}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {13}, abstract = {

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent chronic rheumatic disorder, affecting more women than men. The prevalence and course of OA are increased by ageing and obesity. Numerous other risk factors for OA progression include oxidative stress, injury, mechanical stress, and metabolic problems. Interleukin{\textendash}1 is released during inflammatory responses, which destroys cartilage. Interleukin{\textendash}1 is correlated with the release of proteases, an enzyme that destroys cartilage further. Other cytokines similar to TNF{\textendash}alpha induce the enzyme matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), which causes joint injury. Collagenase is another enzyme that degrades collagen and so impacts negatively on the articular cartilage. NSAIDs, opioid analgesics, topical analgesics, and intra-articular steroids are being used to alleviate osteoarthritis pain, and symptoms. However, various adverse effects are linked with all of these medications, limiting their usage, for example, NSAIDs used to relieve OA pain. Nonetheless, they exhibit gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and nephrotoxicity. Tramadol also has an effect on the central nervous and gastrointestinal systems. Patients were interested in herbal plants because they were worried about the safety and inadequate effectiveness of pharmaceuticals. Plants have been used to cure a variety of ailments since ancient times, and several plants have the ability to treat OA. According to several studies, the pain and progression of OA may be considerably slowed, or halted by bioactive chemicals found in plants. Conclusion: Here we analysed the current scientific literature available that revealed a rising number of research on the possible antiosteoarthritic effects of medicinal plants and their principal ingredients, indicating the possibility of a novel therapeutic use.

}, keywords = {Antiosteoarthritic, Cartilage, Chondrocytes, Collagenase., Herbal plants, Inflammation}, doi = {10.5530/097484900001}, author = {Sonali Verma and Sumeet Gupta and Rina Das and Kavita Munjal and Meenakshi Dhanawat and Dinesh Kumar Mehta and Gurudev Goyal and Anshu Gupta} } @article {1078, title = {Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Iris kashmiriana}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {October 2022}, pages = {350-355}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {350}, abstract = {

Iris kashmiriana belonging to the family Iridaceae, is found commonly in graveyards in the Kashmir region of India, as well as in some areas of Pakistan. This plant is used as a traditional medicinal plant by different local communities. Ethnopharmacological studies have revealed the presence of isoflavones like isonigricin (1) which is a new isoflavone and isoirisolidone (2) and Irisolidone (3) which were isolated first time from a natural source. This emphasis of this review is to focus on traditional uses, pharmacological uses, as well as phytoconstituents present in this species. But as this species is critically endangered also. By exploring more about this species, it might help in getting this species in the least concern or prevent it from being extinct. Scientific investigation has found that this plant has a lot of pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antitumor, anthelmintic, immunomodulatory, antiseptic, antioxidant, and also used in cold, flu, malaria, joint pain, anti-inflammation, toothache, etc. This plant contains several constituents, including isoflavones, with pharmacological activities some of them are still not been fully explored yet. In this review, an approach was made to study ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological investigations, of Iris kashmiriana, which can be explored more, so that people could know more about this plant, and start growing this medicinal plant

}, keywords = {Antitumor, Endangered plant, Immunomodulator, Iris kashmiriana, Kashmir, Traditional plant}, doi = {10.5530/pres.14.4.52}, author = {Rishabh Chalotra and Meenakshi Dhanawat and Mubashir Maqbool and Neeru Lamba and Ayesha Bibi and Sumeet Gupta} }