@article {1151, title = {Formulation and Evaluation of Phytosomes of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Adiantum capillus-veneris for Antimicrobial Activity}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {June 2023}, pages = {468-477}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {468}, abstract = {

Background: Natural plant extracts and phytoconstituents have high in vitro bioactivity but low in vivo bioactivity because of poor lipid solubility, multiple ring large molecules, or digestion in the gut. Polyphenolic phytoconstituents were complexed with phospholipids, mainly phosphatidylcholine, which molecularly attaches components to one another to produce novel drug delivery systems like phytosomes. The important constituents of the herbal extract are designed to protect from being disrupted by gastric juices and gut bacteria, as phytosomes have the ability to cross the bio-membranes that which are lipid enriched and boost bioavailability. Objectives: The current work is aimed to formulate and evaluate phytosomes from Adiantum capillus-veneris (ACV) hydroalcoholic extract for antimicrobial activity. Materials and Methods: Antisolvent precipitation method was chosen on the basis of the solubility of hydroalcoholic extract in dichloromethane. The prepared trial batches of the phytosomes complex were characterized by using particle size, zeta potential, drug entrapment efficiency, drug content, and in vitro drug release study. The optimized batch of phytosomes was characterized for compatibility studies by using Infrared Spectrometry (IR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TSM), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and further for stability studies. Results: The results revealed that ACV hydroalcoholic extract and phosphatidylcholine were found to be connected by a non-covalent bond and did not generate a new molecule in the ACV hydroalcoholic extract-phosphatidylcholine complex and showed enhanced in vitro antimicrobial activity as compared to the hydroalcoholic extract. Conclusion: The complex{\textquoteright}s dissolution profile was found to be improved. As a result, the phospholipid complex of ACV extract can therefore be concluded to have the potential to enhance bioavailability.

}, keywords = {Adiantum capillus-veneris (ACV), Antimicrobial activity., H-ACV extract phytosomes, Hydroalcoholic extract, Phytosomes}, doi = {10.5530/pres.15.3.048}, author = {Supriya Ganesh Jagtap and Vedant Vinay Kajale and Mukta Mahesh Abhyankar and Aditi Shrinivas Kulkarni and Minal Rushikesh Ghante} } @article {131, title = {Design and Development of Microparticulate Delivery System for Curcumin}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {August 2019}, pages = {321-328}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {321}, abstract = {

Background: Curcumin has been associated with remarkable beneficial effects; despite having a broad spectrum of activities, curcumin is characterized by poor water solubility and low bioavailability. Objective: The objective of this study is to enhance the solubility of curcumin using polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG400) and establish a microparticulate drug delivery system in a sodium alginate polymer matrix (microspheres containing curcumin triturated with PEG400 [Cur-PEGMS]) to improve the bioavailability of curcumin. Materials and Methods: The microspheres were formulated using the ionic gelation technique. Nine batches (F1 to F9) were prepared using 32 factorial design. The amount of sodium alginate and calcium chloride was selected as a formulation variable. The prepared Cur-PEGMS were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, differential scanning calorimeter, ultraviolet spectrophotometer, and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The pharmacokinetics of curcumin was characterized in rats using high-performance liquid chromatography, and calculations were performed using WinNonlin standard edition version 1.1 software. Results: We found that solubility was affected by the use of cosolvent. All F1{\textendash}F9 batches were investigated for entrapment efficiency, and batch F5 was found to be optimum batch which was further evaluated. HPTLC chromatogram of Cur-PEGMS shows peak retention for curcumin. The particle size of microspheres was found to be in the range of 384{\textendash}468 μm. Remarkable improvement in maximum plasma concentration and bioavailability was observed. Maximum the time after administration of a drug when maximum plasma concentration is reached (Tmax) was found to be 0.5 h, and AUC0{\textendash}24 was found to be 374.75 ng/ml and 622 ng/ml for curcumin suspension and curcumin microspheres, respectively. Conclusion: The developed formulation enhances the bioavailability of the drug. This enhanced oral absorption of Cur-PEGMS may provide a practical formulation to conduct a correlative pharmacodynamic study.

}, keywords = {Curcumin, Factorial design, Fharmacokinetics, Microspheres, Polyethylene glycol 400., Sodium alginate}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_24_19}, author = {Aditi Shrinivas Kulkarni and Santosh S. Bhujbal} }