@article {1182, title = {Evaluation of Selectivity Index and Phytoconstituents Profile of Various Extracts from the Stem of Strychnos lucida R. Br. as Anti-malarial}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {October 2023}, pages = {733-750}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {733}, abstract = {

Introduction: Strychnos lucida R. Br. or Songga was empirically used as an anti-malarial and immunostimulant in the Tetun tribe, Indonesia. However, almost all plants from the genus Strychnos contain the alkaloid toxic compound strychnine. Objectives: The aims of this study are to determine in vitro/in vivo anti-malarial activity, to analyze the selectivity index, and to measure the phytoconstituents of various extracts (water, ethanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane) from S. lucida stem. Materials and Methods: In vitro anti-malarial study was conducted against Plasmodium falciparum 3D7-chloroquine-sensitive, and in vitro cytotoxic was performed against Monkey kidney Vero cell. Plasmodium berghei ANKA-chloroquine sensitive infected malaria mice were used as a model for evaluation of in vivo anti-plasmodial. Phytoconstituents profile was determined using Thermo scientific LC-HRMS, and the m/z data was analyzed using Compound Discoverer software with mzCloud MS/MS Library. Results: Water (W), Ethanol (E), and Ethyl Acetate (EA) extract exhibited more potential in vitro/in vivo anti-malarial activity than n-hexane (H) extract (IC50 2.48{\textpm}0.09; 2.45{\textpm}0.02; 2.90{\textpm}0.07; 7.64{\textpm}0.30 μg/mL, respectively). The selectivity index of water, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extract are 211.47, 78.46, 249.62, and 32.39, respectively). According to the LC-HRMS profile, water and ethanol extract mainly contain alkaloid and phenolic compounds. Ethyl acetate and n-hexane mostly contain terpenoids and fatty acids. Conclusion: According to the result, we conclude that ethanol and water extract from S. lucida R. Br. display potential anti-malarial. Alkaloids and phenolic compounds probably have the most contribution to their anti-malarial activity.

}, keywords = {Anti-malarial, LC-HRMS, Selectivity index, Strycnos lucida R. Br., Vero cell}, doi = {10.5530/pres.15.4.078}, author = {Uswatun Khasanah and Alvan Febrian Shalas and Bachtiar Rifai Pratita Ihsan and Lung Ayu Asti Wulandari and Nadela Cintya Nurtyas and Waril and Iin Alipiani and Ulfa Malihatus Sholiha} } @article {535, title = {Antiplasmodial Activity of Isolated Polyphenols from Alectryon serratus Leaves Against 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {5}, year = {2017}, month = {December 2017}, pages = {s57-s60}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {s57}, abstract = {

Background: Alectryon serratus was selected from a screening program devoted to search naturally occurring antimalarial compound from plants in Alas Purwo National Park, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia. The previous studies showed that ethanol extract of A. serratus leaves contains some polyphenol compounds. Objective: This study was designed to isolate and investigate antiplasmodial activity of polyphenol compounds. Material and Methods: The ethanol extract of A. serratus leaves was fractioned using liquid{\textendash}liquid fractionation and column chromatography. Isolated compounds were identified using High-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet-visible, nuclear magnetic resonance, and compared with references. The isolates were tested in vitro for antiplasmodial activity against chloroquine-sensitive 3D7 strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Thin blood smears were used to assess the levels of parasitemia and growth inhibition of the isolates. Result: Half maximal Inhibitory concentration of Gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), and kempferol-3-O-rhamnoside (3) were 0.0722 μM, 0.0128 μM, and 3.4595 μM, respectively. Conclusion: The results suggest that gallic acid, methyl gallate, and kempferol-3-O-rhamnoside isolated from A. serratus leaves have antiplasmodial activity and are potential to be developed as antimalarial drugs.

}, keywords = {Alectryon serratus, Antiplasmodial, Polyphenol}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_39_17}, author = {Uswatun Khasanah and Aty WidyaWaruyanti and Achmad Fuad Hafid and Mulyadi Tanjung} }