@article {1481, title = {Accelerated Stability Study of Powder Formulation Safoof Muqliyasa and Safoof Mulayyin}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {September 2025}, pages = {1253-1273}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1253}, abstract = {

Background and Objectives: Evaluation of stability studies of Unani Medicine (UM) formulations determined on the basis of scientific data are the need of the time and also recommended in D and C Act. There is immense need to evaluate precise shelf life for each powder formulations. Materials and Methods: Accelerated Stability Study (ASS) of Safoof Muqliyasa (S. Muq) and Safoof Mulayyin. (S. Mul) was carried out with at elevated temperature and humidity conditions 40{\textordmasculine}C{\textpm}2{\textordmasculine}C with Relative Humidity of 75\%{\textpm}5\% RH according to ICH guidelines, by keeping in stability chamber in containers used by commercial UM. Pharmacy{\textquoteright}s (i.e. sealed HDPE containers). Testing frequency of samples was 0, 3 and 6 months and was subjected to various organoleptic, physical, microbiological and chemical tests parameters with HPLC quantification of active constituents/markers (Chebulic acid in S. Muq and Gingerol in S. Mul). Results were accessed as per API guidelines and are also statistically analyzed for 10\% degradation, from liner regression equation using individual slope and Intercept. Results: Both S. Muq and S. Mul were suitable at accelerated condition upto 3 month storage on selected physical, microbiological and chemical parameters as per API evaluation guidelines, and it can be extrapolated that real time shelf life period (predicted stability) according to Grimm{\textquoteright}s statement, for zone III and IV, 3.3 as 10 month at room temperature and packaging method adopted in the study and by 10\% degradation in different parameters by multiplying factor of 3.3 accelerated stability of Safoof Muqliyasa can be extrapoled as 2 years and 1 month and for Safoof Mulayyin 1 year and 5 months. Conclusion: According to physical and microbiological parameters both S. Muq and S. Mul are stable for 6 months in ASS but changes in selected chemical parameters was observed for after 3rd month making it stable approximately for 1 year. Stability of salt containing S. Mul was found to be comparatively lower than the non-salt containing S. Muq This observation/ shelf life may be exclusive to both the powders.

}, keywords = {Accelerated stability study, Powder, Safoof Mulayyin, Safoof Muqliyasa, Stability, Unani}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252160}, author = {Md Naquibuddin and Hamiduddin and Gazi Jahangeer Rather and Fakeha Firdous Khanbhadur and Mohammed Saad} } @article {460, title = {Comparative Physicochemical Evaluation of Kharekhasak (Tribulus terrestris Linn.) Before and After Mudabbar Proc}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {November 2017}, pages = {384-389}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {384}, abstract = {

Background and Objectives: Mudabbar/Tadbeere advia is referred to the processes performed on the drugs to detoxify, purify, and enhance therapeutic action and to reduce its doses before making the formulations in Unani medicine. It improves quality of drugs either by optimizing its desirable characteristics or minimizing the undesirable ones; it makes drug effective, safe, and specific. There is a need of comparative evaluation to understand its significance. Tadbeer of Kharekhasak (KK) khurd (Tribulus terrestris Linn. fruit) is described by Rabban Al-Tabari in Firdausul Hikmat, Akbar Arzani in Qarabadeene Qadri, etc., during the compounding of aphrodisiac formulations. Mudabbar Kharekhasak (MKK) used in Safoofe Kharekhasak mentioned in Al-Qarabadeene was evaluated in this work. Methods: Mudabbar/Tadbeer process was carried out by blending fresh KK. Juice with powdered dry KK and drying it under the sun. Juice used for process is thrice the weight of dry KK powder. The KK before and after the process was evaluated using physicochemical tests: powder characterization, extractive value, alcohol and water soluble matter, ash value, loss on drying (LOD) at 105{\textdegree}C, pH, high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) fingerprinting, and diosgenin content. Results: Powder characterizations were set in. Increase in successive and nonsuccessive extractive values in various solvents, water/ alcohol-soluble content, total ash, acid-insoluble ash, water-soluble ash, and sulfated ash of MKK was noted in comparison with KK. Decrease in LOD at 105{\textdegree}C and pH of MKK powder was observed. HPTLC fingerprinting data were developed for the identification and evaluation. Quantification of diosgenin content increased to 432.1 g/g in MKK as compared to 144.5 g/g in KK, suggesting significant increase in saponin content. Conclusion: Data obtained clearly indicated changes in MKK validating the classical Mudabbar process, probably to enhance/modify the action of drug. Standards for crude and MKK were established for future reference.

}, keywords = {Kharekhasak, Mudabbar evaluation, Physicochemical, Tribulus terrestris Linn., Unani}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_16_17}, author = {Abdullah Tauheed and Hamiduddin and Salma Khanam and Mohd Akhtar Ali and Mohammad Zaigham} }