@article {322, title = {Innovative Research on Isolation, Characterization, and Identification of Bioactivity in the Isolated Constituent from Methanol Extract of Galphimia glauca cav. Stems}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {July 2018}, pages = {265-274}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {265}, abstract = {

Background: Galphimia glauca Cav (GG) is naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions of the world including India. Objective: The present study has been opted to shed light on GG stems to isolate, characterize, and explore the analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential of the isolated phytomolecule using in vivo models. Materials and Methods: The bioactive fraction of the active stem methanol extract was subjected to column chromatography followed by preparative thin layer chromatography to separate the phytoconstituent. The isolated phytoconstituent was characterized and evaluated for toxicological studies, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity. Results: The isolated phytoconstituent {\textquotedblleft}BS-1{\textquotedblright} was characterized by melting point, Rf value, IR spectra, mass spectra, 1H-NMR spectrum, and 13C NMR spectrum. The LD50 of BS-1 was found to be \>2000 mg/kg. The results were significant (P \< 0.001 and P \< 0.01) in hot plate test and tail clip test. The central analgesic effect of BS-1 was further proved through reversal actions of naloxone. The peripheral analgesic actions exhibited by BS-1 were significant (P \< 0.001) in formalin and writhing test when compared to control group. In carrageenan test, BS-1 exhibited significant (P <= 0.05) dose-dependent activity on comparison of the high dose with respective low dose. The BS-1 exhibited significant (P <= 0.05) anti-inflammatory activity, when correlated with the standard drug in cotton pellet induced granuloma test. Conclusion: The BS-1 exhibited significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity in central and peripheral models of analg

}, keywords = {Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory, Column chromatography, Formalin test, Galphimia glauca Clav, Hotplate test, Isolation}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_151_17}, author = {Baba Shankar Rao Garige and Keshetti Srisailam and Vattikuti Uma Maheshwara Rao} } @article {507, title = {In vivo Study on Depressant Effects and Muscle Coordination Activity of Galphimia glauca Stem Methanol Extract}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {August 2016}, pages = {219-225}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {219}, abstract = {

Background: Galphimia glauca is an evergreen shrub found across peninsular India, belonging to family Malpighiaceae. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the in vivo depressant effects and muscle coordination activity of G. glauca stem methanol extract (GGSME). Materials and Methods: The stem methanol extract was administered in Swiss albino mice in 1 day to study the central nervous system (CNS) depressant and muscle coordination activity employing animal models such as sodium pentobarbital-induced sleep test, hole-board test, open field test, pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced convulsions, picrotoxin-induced convulsions, grip strengthening test in mice, and Rota-rod test. Results: The LD50 of GGSME was found to be \>2000 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Mice treated with stem methanol extract at 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, b.w. doses extended the sleeping time induced by sodium pentobarbital (40 mg/kg. b.w., i.p.). The stem methanol extract at 400 mg/kg dose showed a significant (P <= 0.001) dose-dependent decrease in the number of rears and head dipping number in the hole-board test. The extract exhibited a significant (P <= 0.001) effect on the ambulatory behavior of mice in the open field test and also extended the onset of seizures induced by PTZ (90 mg/kg b.w., i.p.) and picrotoxin (10 mg/kg, b.w., i.p.). The extract also exhibited significant (P <= 0.001) effects on muscle coordination in rota-rod and grip strengthening test in mice. Conclusion: The study results conclude that the GGSME has a potential CNS depressant and muscle relaxant effects compared to the standard drugs.

}, keywords = {Convulsions, Galphimia glauca, Grip strength test, Sodium pentobarbital, Stem methanol extract}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.188878}, author = {Baba Shankar Rao Garige and Srisailam Keshetti and Uma Maheshwara Rao Vattikuti} }