Determination of Flavan‑3‑ols by High‑Performance Liquid Chromatography‑Photodiode Array, Antioxidant Potential, Antimicrobial Activity and Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Maytenus obtusifolia (Mart.) Leaves

Diego Igor Alves Fernandes de Araújo; Anny Palloma de Lima Arruda Fernandes; Anderson Angel Vieira Pinheiro; Augusto Lopes Souto; Kaio Aragão Sales; Priscylla Rayama Alves Fernandes de Araújo; Rodrigo Silva de Andrade; Marcelo Sobral da Silva

Determination of Flavan‑3‑ols by High‑Performance Liquid Chromatography‑Photodiode Array, Antioxidant Potential, Antimicrobial Activity and Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Maytenus obtusifolia (Mart.) Leaves

Articles

Abstract

Pharmacognosy Research,2020,12,3,313-321.

DOI:10.4103/pr.pr_9_20

Published:August 2020

Type:Original Article

Authors:

Author(s) affiliations:

Diego Igor Alves Fernandes de Araújo¹, Anny Palloma de Lima Arruda Fernandes², Anderson Angel Vieira Pinheiro¹, Augusto Lopes Souto¹, Kaio Aragão Sales¹, Priscylla Rayama Alves Fernandes de Araújo², Rodrigo Silva de Andrade¹, Marcelo Sobral da Silva¹

¹Pharmaceuticals and Medicines Research Institute, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, BRAZIL.

²Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB, BRAZIL.

Abstract:

Background: Maytenus obtusifolia Mart. (Syn. Monteverdia obtusifolia Mart. Biral), Celastraceae, is a species located on the coast of Brazil, which is commonly used as anti‑inflammatory and on the treatment of gastric ulcers. Objectives: The aim of this study consists of the determination of quality control parameters of the plant material, as well as to develop, validate high‑performance liquid chromatography‑photodiode array methodology for the quantification of its analytical markers and evaluate the antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of the extract. Materials and Methods: The plant material and ethanolic crude extract (ECE) were evaluated through pharmacopoeial and nonpharmacopoeial methods. Anti‑oxidant assay was assessed using the 2,2‑diphenyl‑1‑picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. Minimum inhibitory concentration was used to evaluate antimicrobial activity assay. Results: The assays have provided the following results: granulometry (d₅₀ 0.82 mm), moisture content (6.41%–9.03%), pH of aqueous solution (5.41), apparent bulk density (0.41 mg/mL), heavy metals (<10 ppm), total ash (5.20%), and sulfated ash content (6.36%). Total flavonoid (2.14%; 6.24%), tannin (6.51%; 17.85%), and phenolic content (41.95; 134.76 mg AG/g) regarding leaves powder and its ECE, respectively. The validated method was specific, linear, precise, accurate, and robust. The content of (‑)‑Epigallocatechin, (+)‑Catechin and (‑)‑Epicatechin on the ECE was 1.00%, 0.40%, and 0.33%, respectively. The anti‑oxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH assay and have presented an IC₅₀ at 18.01 μg/mL. In addition, the most important antimicrobial activity of the ECE was against Aspergillus flavus (MIC at 128 μg/mL). Conclusion: These data have demonstrated to be very useful toward the analysis and pharmacognostic quality control of M. obtusifolia Mart.