Antimicrobial Activity and Histopathological Safety Evidence of Ochradenus baccatus Delile: A Medicinally Important Plant Growing in Saudi Arabia

Mohsen S. Al-Omar; Hussain M. Eldeeb; Mugahid A. Mobark; Hamdoon A. Mohammed

Antimicrobial Activity and Histopathological Safety Evidence of Ochradenus baccatus Delile: A Medicinally Important Plant Growing in Saudi Arabia

Articles

Abstract

Pharmacognosy Research,2020,12,2,131-136.

DOI:10.4103/pr.pr_103_19

Published:May 2021

Type:Original Article

Authors:

Author(s) affiliations:

Mohsen S Al-Omar¹, Hussain M Eldeeb², Mugahid A Mobark³, Hamdoon A Mohammed⁴

¹Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, JUST, JORDAN.

²Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.

³Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kordofan, Al-Ubayyid, SUDAN.

⁴Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, EGYPT.

Abstract:

Background: The growing climatic condition affects plant constituents and biological activities. Ochradenus baccatus (Taily Weed) from Resedaceae family is a perennial shrub that is widely used in folk medicine in the Middle East. Aim: From the viewpoint that O. baccatus is regularly used in folk medicine, this study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and investigate the effect of O. baccatus on the biochemical and histopathological parameters of liver and kidney in experimental animals. Methods: The O. baccatus extracts were obtained by hot continuous extraction method. Agar diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration assays were used for the antimicrobial activity. O. baccatus total extracts at doses of 100 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg were given to the first and second groups of rates, respectively, whereas the third and fourth groups received the vehicle olive oil and saline, respectively. The liver and kidney functions, as well as lipid profile and glucose levels, were measured by spectrophotometric technique on obtained blood samples. The liver and kidney tissues were evaluated for histopathological effect. Results: Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts have similarly and potentially inhibited the bacterial micro-organisms, whereas Candida albicans was inhibited by n‑hexane extract. O. baccatus total extract showed no significant effects on the kidney and liver functions (P > 0.05). However, it significantly reduced triglyceride level (P = 0.04). The histopathological investigation of liver and kidney tissues revealed no significant differences compared to control animals. Conclusion: The medicinally important plant, O. baccatus, growing in Saudi Arabia showed no significant toxic effects on the livers and kidneys. Moreover, it demonstrated a potential antimicrobial activity besides a significant reduction in serum triglycerides in rats. These findings are in consistent with other reported results suggesting no environmental effects on the safety of this plant.