Antilipidemic Properties of Calpurnia aurea Leaf Extract on High-Fat Diet Induced Hyperlipidemia

Background: Hyperlipidemia is described by raised in the plasma lipids including triglycerides (TG), cholesterols, cholesterol esters, phospholipids as well as plasma lipoproteins, for example, very low‑density lipoprotein (LDL), LDL, and reduction in the circling high‑density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. Objective: To explore the antilipidemic properties of the hydromethanolic extract of Calpurnia aurea (HMECA) leafs against high‑fat diet‑induced hyperlipidemic male albino Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty albino Wistar rats of 60–75 days and weights of 150–200 g were isolated arbitrarily into six groups of five each. Group I fed with normal diet in as typical control, Group II got high‑fat‑eating routine (48.8% fat w/w) containing fat produced using hamburger fat and blended with hydrogenated vegetable oil, Group III fed with high fat diet plus 3.5 mg/kg/day atorvastatin as standard control, and the remaining Groups IV, V, and VI fed with high fat diet along with different does of HMECA at 200, 300, and 400 mg/kg/day separately for 60 days. Food intake, body weight, body mass index, serum lipid profiles, and liver histopathology were studied. Results: The results of this investigation exposed that HMECA has dose‑dependent antilipidemic exercises. HMECA treatment of 400 mg/ kg caused a noteworthy bringing down of P < 0.05 of serum LDL from 28.53 ± 12.2 mg/dl to 9.70 ± 5.77 mg/dL; the serum cholesterol level from 92.00 ± 13.0 mg/dl to 60.33 ± 8.60 mg/dl; the serum TG leve1 from 84.73 ± 19.4 mg/dl to 71.83 ± 13.0 mg/dl mg/dl; and increased the serum HDL‑cholesterol levels from 11.66 ± 1.23 mg/dl to 29.66 ± 1.52 mg/dl. At the medium dosage of 300 mg/kg, it was not successful as 400 mg/ kg and at the insignificant dosage of 200 mg/kg brought numerical contrast not statistically noteworthy among the serum lipid profile. Conclusion: This research discovered that the HMECA possesses a significant antilipidimic activity in dose dependent manner. The molecular mechanism of antilipidemic exercises of this medication should be contemplated.