Anti‑Lipoxygenase Activity of Leaf Gall Extracts of Terminalia chebula (Gaertn.) Retz. (Combretaceae)

Ravi Shankara Birur Eshwarappa; Yarappa Lakshmikantha Ramachandra

Anti‑Lipoxygenase Activity of Leaf Gall Extracts of Terminalia chebula (Gaertn.) Retz. (Combretaceae)

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Abstract

Pharmacognosy Research,2016,8,1,78-82.

DOI:10.4103/0974-8490.171103

Published:December 2015

Type:Short Communication

Authors:

Author(s) affiliations:

Ravi Shankara Birur Eshwarappa¹, Yarappa Lakshmikantha Ramachandra², Sundara Rajan Subaramaihha³, Sujan Ganapathy Pasura Subbaiah³, Richard Surendranath Austin⁴, Bhadrapura Lakkappa Dhananjaya⁵

¹Department of Chemistry, School of Graduate Studies, Jain University, Chamrajpete, Bengaluru, Karnataka; Research Unit in Vrukshayurveda, A Division of Center for Advanced Studies in Biosciences, Jain University, Chamrajpete, Bengaluru, Karnataka; Department of Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankarghatta, Karnataka, INDIA.

²Department of Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankarghatta, Karnataka, INDIA.

³Research Unit in Vrukshayurveda, A Division of Center for Advanced Studies in Biosciences, Jain University, Chamrajpete, Bengaluru, Karnataka, INDIA.

⁴Department of Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA.

⁵Department of Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery, Center for Emerging Technologies, Jain University, Kanakpura Taluk, Ramanagara, Karnataka, INDIA.

Abstract:

Lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors are the promising therapeutic target for treating a wide spectrum of inflammatory‑related diseases such as cancer, asthma, lymphoma, leukemia, and autoimmune disorders. In the present study, the photochemical constituents and the anti‑LOX potential of leaf galls of Terminalia chebula are evaluated to exemplify its further potential development as medicine. Extracts of T. chebula galls were tested for anti‑LOX activity using linoleic acid as substrate and lipoxidase as an enzyme and also the total content of polyphenols with phytochemical analysis of the extract were determined. The presence of highest total phenolic and flavonoid content of 141 ± 2.2 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g d.w and 125 ± 1.4 mg of quercetin equivalent/g d.w and maximal LOX inhibitory activity (52.67%) at 800 μg/mL concentrations were identified in the ethanolic extracts of leaf galls of T.chebula. The higher LOX inhibitory activity was positively correlated to the high content of total polyphenols/flavonoids. The results of this study confirm the folklore use of T. chebula leaves gall extracts as a natural anti‑inflammatory agent and justify its ethnobotanical use. Therefore, the results encourage the use of T. chebula leave gall extracts for medicinal health, functional food, and nutraceuticals applications.

Keywords:Antioxidant, Anti‑lipoxygenase, Drug, Gallic acid, Galls, Plants, Terminalia chebula

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Lipoxygenase inhibitory activities of different extracts of leaf gall of Terminalia chebula. The plant extract sample (200–800 μg/mL) was preincubated with soybean lipoxidase enzyme (20,000 U/mL) for 5 min at 25°C. Linoleic acid solution (0.6 mM) was added, mixed well, and absorbance was measured at 234 nm. Indomethacin (60 μg/mL) was used as reference standard. Activity was measured and expressed as % inhibition. Each value is expressed as the mean ± standard deviation

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